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Artificial Intelligence · Recorded milestone

Backpropagation

Recorded year1986

Rumelhart, Hinton and Williams show how multilayer networks can learn.

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Built on

Integrated circuitRecorded · 1958requires
PerceptronRecorded · 1958enables
DRAM memory chipRecorded · 1970requires

Led to

Convolutional neural netRecorded · 1989enables
Neuromorphic computingRecorded · 2014enables
Learning from human feedbackRecorded · 2017requires
Features found inside AI modelsRecorded · 2023requires
Machine-discovered laws of natureRecorded · 2025enables

Sources & evidence

Additional source

Dataset updated 2026-10-18. This individual record has not been separately re-reviewed.