An atlas of human progress · 1900–2100
Inventions &
possibilities.
Browse 3,443 inventions and forecasts across 74 technology domains. Read their milestones, connections and sources.
Historical milestones and editorial forecasts are labelled separately. Updated 2026-10-18.
Astronomy & Space Science 55
- Expanding universeRecorded · 1929
- Radio astronomyRecorded · 1932
- 200-inch Hale TelescopeRecorded · 1948
- Cosmic microwave backgroundRecorded · 1965
- Pulsars discoveredRecorded · 1967
- Voyager probesRecorded · 1977
- Segmented-mirror telescopeRecorded · 1993
- Planet around a Sun-like starRecorded · 1995
- Mars roversRecorded · 1997
- Accelerating universeRecorded · 1998
- Kepler planet hunterRecorded · 2009
- Asteroid sample returnRecorded · 2010
- Moving 3D map of the Milky WayRecorded · 2018
- Helicopter flies on MarsRecorded · 2021
- Asteroid nudged off courseRecorded · 2022
- Interstellar comet tracked across the systemRecorded · 2025
- Vera Rubin ObservatoryRecorded · 2025
- Infrared asteroid-hunting telescopeForecast · ~2027
- Million-star technosignature searchForecast · ~2027
- Roman wide-field space telescopeForecast · ~2027
- Lunar far-side radio telescopeForecast · ~2028
- Apophis flyby studied up closeForecast · ~2029
- Extremely Large TelescopesForecast · ~2029
- Square Kilometre ArrayForecast · ~2029
- Europa ocean exploredForecast · ~2031
- Mars samples returned to EarthForecast · ~2031
- Dragonfly flies on TitanForecast · ~2034
- Venus cloud outpostsForecast · ~2037
- Giant black hole mergers heardForecast · ~2040
- Rendezvous with interstellar objectsForecast · ~2040
- Biosignature detectedForecast · ~2042
- Uranus orbiter and probeForecast · ~2045
- Census of nearby habitable worldsForecast · ~2050
- Solar-storm forecasting days aheadForecast · ~2052
- Giant telescope on the MoonForecast · ~2055
- Enceladus plume landerForecast · ~2056
- A lunar radio array grows from local materialsForecast · ~2060
- Probes to the Oort cloudForecast · ~2060
- Every hazardous asteroid trackedForecast · ~2064
- Ice-moon ocean submarineForecast · ~2066
- Sample from an interstellar cometForecast · ~2068
- Solar gravitational lens telescopeForecast · ~2070
- Map of the cosmic dark agesForecast · ~2072
- Lunar SETI observatoryForecast · ~2075
- Census of black hole mergersForecast · ~2078
- Atlas of exomoons and exo-oceansForecast · ~2080
- Life beyond Earth confirmedForecast · ~2080
- Biosignature survey of 1,000 worldsForecast · ~2082
- Titan sea submarineForecast · ~2082
- Contact-response protocolForecast · ~2088
- Map of matter to the cosmic horizonForecast · ~2088
- Kuiper belt observatoryForecast · ~2091
- Search for life in Mars aquifersForecast · ~2092
- Interstellar flyby fleetForecast · ~2096
- First data from Alpha CentauriForecast · ~2099
Climate & Environment 37
- Smokestack scrubbersRecorded · 1931
- Keeling curveRecorded · 1958
- Climate modelRecorded · 1967
- Ozone hole detectedRecorded · 1985
- Carbon capture and storageRecorded · 1996
- Methane-tracking satellitesRecorded · 2016
- Farmland as a carbon sinkRecorded · 2019
- Direct air capture plantRecorded · 2021
- Digital twin of EarthRecorded · 2024
- Ocean alkalinity enhancementRecorded · 2025
- Half-megatonne air-capture plantForecast · ~2027
- Every big methane leak seen from orbitForecast · ~2028
- First sanctioned geoengineering field testForecast · ~2029
- Tipping-point early warningForecast · ~2034
- Heat-proof citiesForecast · ~2035
- Gigatonne carbon removalForecast · ~2045
- Solar geoengineeringForecast · ~2045
- Heat-tolerant coral reefsForecast · ~2050
- Methane removal from airForecast · ~2052
- Ice-sheet stabilisationForecast · ~2060
- Arctic sea-ice restorationForecast · ~2062
- Continental rewildingForecast · ~2065
- Ozone layer fully healedForecast · ~2066
- Global climate thermostat bodyForecast · ~2070
- Cloud-brightening fleetsForecast · ~2072
- Extinction rates back to normalForecast · ~2075
- Greened desertsForecast · ~2078
- Permafrost refrozenForecast · ~2079
- CO2 levels fallingForecast · ~2080
- Carbon turned into building stoneForecast · ~2084
- Space sunshadeForecast · ~2085
- Living ark of every speciesForecast · ~2088
- Glaciers regrownForecast · ~2089
- Biosphere run as one systemForecast · ~2093
- Reliable monsoonsForecast · ~2094
- Actively stabilised climateForecast · ~2095
- CO2 back near pre-industrial levelsForecast · ~2100
Weather & Forecasting 55
- Storm warnings by radioRecorded · 1911
- Weather fronts and cyclone modelRecorded · 1919
- Forecast computed by handRecorded · 1922
- Radiosonde weather balloonRecorded · 1930
- Flights into hurricanesRecorded · 1943
- Cloud seedingRecorded · 1946
- First tornado forecastRecorded · 1948
- Computer weather forecastRecorded · 1950
- Daily computer forecastsRecorded · 1954
- National weather radar networkRecorded · 1957
- Weather satelliteRecorded · 1960
- Butterfly effectRecorded · 1963
- World Weather WatchRecorded · 1963
- Geostationary weather satelliteRecorded · 1974
- Medium-range forecast centreRecorded · 1979
- 24-hour weather channelRecorded · 1982
- El Nino forecast months aheadRecorded · 1986
- Doppler weather radarRecorded · 1992
- Ensemble forecastsRecorded · 1992
- GPS radio occultationRecorded · 2006
- Minute-by-minute rain alertsRecorded · 2012
- Dual-polarisation radarRecorded · 2013
- Next-generation weather imagersRecorded · 2015
- Wind lidar from spaceRecorded · 2018
- AI weather forecastingRecorded · 2023
- Weather microsatellite swarmRecorded · 2023
- AI ensemble forecastingRecorded · 2024
- AI hurricane track forecastsRecorded · 2025
- AI model runs official forecastsRecorded · 2025
- Early warnings for everyoneForecast · ~2027
- End-to-end AI forecastingForecast · ~2028
- Smart balloon sounding swarmsForecast · ~2028
- Rain radar satellite fleetForecast · ~2029
- AI-targeted cloud seeding dronesForecast · ~2030
- Rapid storm strengthening predictedForecast · ~2030
- Street-level flash flood warningsForecast · ~2031
- Hour-ahead tornado warningsForecast · ~2033
- Reliable month-ahead forecastsForecast · ~2035
- 100-metre global forecastsForecast · ~2037
- Turbulence-free flight routingForecast · ~2041
- Proven hail suppressionForecast · ~2044
- Storm paths sure two weeks outForecast · ~2046
- Laser-guided lightningForecast · ~2048
- Whole atmosphere sensedForecast · ~2050
- Reliable rain on demandForecast · ~2052
- Weather service for MarsForecast · ~2055
- Season-ahead rain forecastsForecast · ~2058
- Tornadoes stopped before touchdownForecast · ~2062
- City microclimate controlForecast · ~2066
- Daily weather a month aheadForecast · ~2068
- Regional weather steeringForecast · ~2070
- Hurricanes weakened before landfallForecast · ~2072
- Rainfall managementForecast · ~2075
- Planet-wide weather autopilotForecast · ~2082
- Mars dust storms controlledForecast · ~2088
Earth Science & Geology 35
- Radiometric datingRecorded · 1907
- Richter magnitude scaleRecorded · 1935
- Radiocarbon datingRecorded · 1949
- Plate tectonicsRecorded · 1962
- Deep ice coresRecorded · 1966
- Ocean drilling shipRecorded · 1968
- Deepest boreholeRecorded · 1989
- Satellite radar interferometryRecorded · 1993
- GPS plate trackingRecorded · 1996
- Gravity-mapping satellitesRecorded · 2002
- Deep biosphere mappedRecorded · 2018
- Volcano eruption forecastingForecast · ~2030
- AI-found ore depositsForecast · ~2031
- Engineered coastlinesForecast · ~2031
- First superhot-rock power plantForecast · ~2031
- Short-term quake forecastingForecast · ~2038
- Moon's interior mappedForecast · ~2040
- Drilling into the mantleForecast · ~2045
- Earth's heat budget measuredForecast · ~2045
- Real-time map of Earth's interiorForecast · ~2045
- Superhot-rock geothermal citiesForecast · ~2050
- Global fault stress mapForecast · ~2052
- Landslide prediction everywhereForecast · ~2052
- Long-lived Venus landersForecast · ~2060
- Geomagnetic field forecastingForecast · ~2066
- Laboratory 10 km undergroundForecast · ~2068
- Volcano heat powerForecast · ~2070
- Deep drilling on MarsForecast · ~2075
- Seismic network on VenusForecast · ~2076
- Supervolcano heat extractionForecast · ~2080
- Controlled fault slipForecast · ~2085
- Tsunamis tamed at seaForecast · ~2091
- Artificial magnetic shield for MarsForecast · ~2092
- Probe toward Earth's coreForecast · ~2095
- Planetary engineering scienceForecast · ~2097
Transportation 47
- Ford Model TRecorded · 1908
- Diesel-electric locomotiveRecorded · 1934
- Interstate highway systemRecorded · 1956
- Shipping containerRecorded · 1956
- Three-point seatbeltRecorded · 1959
- High-speed railRecorded · 1964
- Car airbagRecorded · 1973
- Personal pod networksRecorded · 1975
- Electronic anti-lock brakesRecorded · 1978
- Mass-market hybrid carRecorded · 1997
- Modern electric carRecorded · 2008
- EV fast chargingRecorded · 2009
- Ride-hailing appsRecorded · 2010
- Driverless robotaxi serviceRecorded · 2020
- Roads that charge vehiclesRecorded · 2021
- Zero-carbon shippingRecorded · 2023
- Autonomous freight trucksRecorded · 2025
- Electric air taxisRecorded · 2025
- Electric seaglidersForecast · ~2029
- EVs dominate new car salesForecast · ~2035
- Cargo airshipsForecast · ~2036
- Personal flying vehiclesForecast · ~2036
- Superconducting maglev lineForecast · ~2038
- Robotaxis in most big citiesForecast · ~2045
- Self-flying air trafficForecast · ~2045
- Driverless public transitForecast · ~2048
- Human driving becomes rareForecast · ~2052
- Hydrogen airlinersForecast · ~2052
- End of mass car ownershipForecast · ~2058
- Rocket point-to-point travelForecast · ~2060
- Streets reclaimed from carsForecast · ~2060
- Hypersonic airlinersForecast · ~2062
- Autonomous cargo submarinesForecast · ~2063
- Road deaths near zeroForecast · ~2069
- Vacuum-tube maglevForecast · ~2070
- Lunar rocket hoppersForecast · ~2072
- Routine trips to orbitForecast · ~2080
- Continental maglev meshForecast · ~2083
- Rail on MarsForecast · ~2085
- Beamed-power aircraftForecast · ~2088
- Daily commutes to orbitForecast · ~2088
- Transoceanic vacuum tunnelsForecast · ~2090
- Launch loopForecast · ~2092
- Lunar railwayForecast · ~2093
- Mars highwaysForecast · ~2094
- Space-elevator travelForecast · ~2096
- Rotating skyhooksForecast · ~2098
Travel & Hospitality 48
- Hotel with a bath in every roomRecorded · 1908
- Standard passport bookletRecorded · 1920
- MotelRecorded · 1925
- Michelin star ratingsRecorded · 1926
- Low-cost airlineRecorded · 1949
- Air package holidayRecorded · 1950
- Hotel chain for driversRecorded · 1952
- Modern theme parkRecorded · 1955
- Computer reservation systemRecorded · 1960
- Holiday cruise lineRecorded · 1966
- Frequent-flyer programmeRecorded · 1981
- Electronic airline ticketRecorded · 1994
- Passport-free bordersRecorded · 1995
- Online travel bookingRecorded · 1996
- Chip passportRecorded · 1998
- Traveller reviews onlineRecorded · 2000
- First paying space touristRecorded · 2001
- Home-sharing platformRecorded · 2008
- Robot-staffed hotelRecorded · 2015
- Face-scan boardingRecorded · 2018
- Digital nomad visaRecorded · 2020
- All-civilian orbital flightRecorded · 2021
- Suborbital tourist flightsRecorded · 2021
- First private spacewalkRecorded · 2024
- AI agents book tripsRecorded · 2025
- AI agents run whole tripsForecast · ~2027
- Balloon trips to the stratosphereForecast · ~2028
- Orbital hotelsForecast · ~2028
- Phone credentials replace passportsForecast · ~2030
- Hotels run by robots and AIForecast · ~2031
- One booking door to doorForecast · ~2031
- Paid trip around the MoonForecast · ~2034
- Zero-carbon long-haul holidaysForecast · ~2036
- Orbital tourism at scaleForecast · ~2040
- Living twins of world heritageForecast · ~2041
- Visa-free world travelForecast · ~2045
- Lunar tourist staysForecast · ~2048
- Deep-sea resort habitatsForecast · ~2052
- Earth-Moon cruise linersForecast · ~2056
- Virtual trips that feel realForecast · ~2058
- Day trips across the planetForecast · ~2064
- Nomad living goes mainstreamForecast · ~2066
- Mars holidaysForecast · ~2070
- Carbon-free global travelForecast · ~2072
- Travel through borrowed sensesForecast · ~2076
- Venus cloud toursForecast · ~2084
- Sleeper cruises to the outer planetsForecast · ~2090
- Space-colony holidaysForecast · ~2099
Logistics & Supply Chain 33
- Forklift truckRecorded · 1917
- Standard palletRecorded · 1937
- Overnight air hub deliveryRecorded · 1973
- Enterprise resource planningRecorded · 1992
- Automated container terminalRecorded · 1993
- Online parcel trackingRecorded · 1994
- RFID supply-chain tagsRecorded · 2003
- Heavy cargo dronesRecorded · 2011
- Goods shipped before you orderRecorded · 2016
- Lights-out portsRecorded · 2017
- Lights-out warehousesRecorded · 2018
- Routine beyond-sight drone rulesForecast · ~2027
- Supply-chain digital twinsForecast · ~2027
- AI agents buy and book freightForecast · ~2028
- Every product traceableForecast · ~2036
- Underground freight tubesForecast · ~2036
- City drone portsForecast · ~2041
- Robot last-mile deliveryForecast · ~2042
- Fully autonomous supply chainsForecast · ~2045
- Zero-waste circular logisticsForecast · ~2055
- Local microfactoriesForecast · ~2057
- Zero-emission global freightForecast · ~2062
- Space freight terminalsForecast · ~2063
- Earth-Moon logistics hubForecast · ~2070
- Feedstock instead of parcelsForecast · ~2075
- Lunar mass-driver cargo launchForecast · ~2078
- Orbital freight networkForecast · ~2080
- Self-replicating warehousesForecast · ~2085
- Asteroid tugsForecast · ~2088
- Fabrication replaces shippingForecast · ~2090
- Asteroid-belt freightForecast · ~2094
- Mars freight routeForecast · ~2095
- Outer-planet supply lineForecast · ~2097
Mapping & Earth Observation 55
- Stereo plotting machineRecorded · 1909
- Trench maps from aerial photosRecorded · 1915
- Aerial survey photomosaicRecorded · 1921
- Echo-sounding seafloor surveyRecorded · 1925
- Ground-mapping radarRecorded · 1943
- Light-beam distance measuringRecorded · 1953
- Spy satellite photographyRecorded · 1960
- Geographic information systemsRecorded · 1968
- Earth-observation satelliteRecorded · 1972
- Imaging radar from orbitRecorded · 1978
- Commercial stereo satelliteRecorded · 1986
- Digital street map of a nationRecorded · 1990
- Online maps with directionsRecorded · 1996
- Sub-metre commercial satelliteRecorded · 1999
- Radar 3D map of EarthRecorded · 2000
- Nationwide laser height mapRecorded · 2003
- Volunteer world mapRecorded · 2004
- Draggable web mapRecorded · 2005
- Virtual globeRecorded · 2005
- Street-level imageryRecorded · 2007
- Free satellite archiveRecorded · 2008
- 3D photo-mesh citiesRecorded · 2012
- Drone mapping kitRecorded · 2012
- Free Sentinel satellitesRecorded · 2014
- Whole Earth imaged dailyRecorded · 2017
- AI-traced building mapsRecorded · 2018
- Radar microsatellitesRecorded · 2018
- AI model of Earth's surfaceRecorded · 2025
- Dual-band radar Earth mapperRecorded · 2025
- AI map analystForecast · ~2027
- Anywhere imaged every hourForecast · ~2028
- Daily heat maps from orbitForecast · ~2029
- Hyperspectral satellite constellationsForecast · ~2030
- World-scale AR mapForecast · ~2032
- Self-updating world mapForecast · ~2033
- Live 3D twin of every big cityForecast · ~2035
- Metre-detail 3D map of all landForecast · ~2036
- Every land parcel on the mapForecast · ~2038
- Complete seabed mapForecast · ~2040
- Underground map of every cityForecast · ~2042
- 10 cm 3D map of the MoonForecast · ~2045
- Anywhere seen every few minutesForecast · ~2045
- Replay any place on any dayForecast · ~2046
- Live map of wild animalsForecast · ~2048
- Centimetre 3D model of all landForecast · ~2050
- Maps of the next decadeForecast · ~2054
- Live twin of the whole planetForecast · ~2062
- Daily chemical map of the planetForecast · ~2066
- Street-level map of MarsForecast · ~2068
- Every pipe and cable on EarthForecast · ~2072
- Metre atlas of the solar systemForecast · ~2080
- Surface map of an exoplanetForecast · ~2085
- Planet run from a live mapForecast · ~2088
- Live video of the whole EarthForecast · ~2093
- Map of Europa's ocean floorForecast · ~2095
Ocean & Marine 42
- Active sonarRecorded · 1918
- AqualungRecorded · 1943
- Offshore oil platformRecorded · 1947
- Deepest diveRecorded · 1960
- Alvin research submersibleRecorded · 1964
- LNG tankersRecorded · 1964
- Industrial fish farmingRecorded · 1970
- Artificial living reefsRecorded · 1988
- Offshore wind farmRecorded · 1991
- Sea height measured from orbitRecorded · 1992
- Autonomous underwater vehiclesRecorded · 1995
- Argo float networkRecorded · 2000
- Floating wind turbinesRecorded · 2009
- Deep-sea nodule miningRecorded · 2022
- Floating power and water islandsRecorded · 2022
- Coral seed banksRecorded · 2024
- Global code for autonomous shipsRecorded · 2026
- First commercial deep-sea miningForecast · ~2028
- Shipping steered around whalesForecast · ~2028
- Autonomous cargo shipsForecast · ~2030
- Deep-sea mining rulesForecast · ~2030
- Open-ocean robotic aquacultureForecast · ~2030
- Ocean CO2 removal plantsForecast · ~2035
- Hadal research stationsForecast · ~2036
- Ocean thermal energyForecast · ~2036
- Seafloor farmsForecast · ~2036
- Tidal and wave power at scaleForecast · ~2038
- Floating citiesForecast · ~2040
- Underwater settlementsForecast · ~2040
- Ocean carbon farmingForecast · ~2045
- Deep ocean fully exploredForecast · ~2050
- Underwater internetForecast · ~2055
- Protected, tracked marine giantsForecast · ~2062
- Offshore seaweed refineriesForecast · ~2064
- Ocean abundance restoredForecast · ~2070
- Power from seafloor ventsForecast · ~2072
- Ocean deserts made fertileForecast · ~2077
- Engineered living reefsForecast · ~2080
- Floating megacitiesForecast · ~2090
- Ocean-world rehearsal basesForecast · ~2092
- Deep-sea research townsForecast · ~2094
- Steered ocean currentsForecast · ~2098
Aerospace 66
- Powered flightRecorded · 1903
- All-metal aircraftRecorded · 1915
- Liquid-fuel rocketRecorded · 1926
- Modern airlinerRecorded · 1936
- Jet aircraftRecorded · 1939
- Practical helicopterRecorded · 1939
- Ballistic rocketRecorded · 1944
- Supersonic flightRecorded · 1947
- Jet airlinerRecorded · 1952
- First satelliteRecorded · 1957
- Human spaceflightRecorded · 1961
- Moon landingRecorded · 1969
- Wide-body jumbo jetRecorded · 1970
- Digital fly-by-wireRecorded · 1972
- Concorde supersonic airlinerRecorded · 1976
- Reusable space shuttleRecorded · 1981
- Hubble Space TelescopeRecorded · 1990
- International Space StationRecorded · 1998
- Ion-engine spacecraftRecorded · 1998
- CubeSat standard satellitesRecorded · 2003
- Solar sail fliesRecorded · 2010
- Reusable orbital boosterRecorded · 2015
- James Webb Space TelescopeRecorded · 2021
- Quiet supersonic X-plane fliesRecorded · 2025
- Crewed flight around the MoonRecorded · 2026
- Largest electric aircraft fliesRecorded · 2026
- Starship reaches orbitRecorded · 2026
- Fully reusable heavy launchForecast · ~2028
- Ship-to-ship orbital refuellingForecast · ~2028
- Crewed lunar returnForecast · ~2029
- Commercial space stationsForecast · ~2030
- Quiet supersonic airlinerForecast · ~2030
- Electric regional aircraftForecast · ~2031
- Nuclear reactor on the MoonForecast · ~2032
- Multi-mission lunar baseForecast · ~2035
- Mars rehearsal on the MoonForecast · ~2037
- Humans on MarsForecast · ~2042
- Lunar propellant depotsForecast · ~2046
- Asteroid resource miningForecast · ~2048
- Permanent Mars baseForecast · ~2049
- Orbital spaceportsForecast · ~2052
- Lunar townsForecast · ~2055
- A sail carries science to Neptune in two yearsForecast · ~2058
- Artificial-gravity stationForecast · ~2058
- A vacuum balloon carries a payloadForecast · ~2060
- Cislunar economyForecast · ~2062
- Crewed Venus flybyForecast · ~2064
- Crewed asteroid outpostsForecast · ~2065
- Orbital shipyardsForecast · ~2066
- Fusion-powered spacecraftForecast · ~2070
- Self-sustaining Mars settlementForecast · ~2075
- Lunar space elevatorForecast · ~2078
- Earth-Mars cycler shipsForecast · ~2079
- Crewed outer-planet missionsForecast · ~2080
- Ceres settlementForecast · ~2082
- 100,000 people on MarsForecast · ~2085
- Mercury solar foundryForecast · ~2085
- Orbital ringForecast · ~2088
- Station in the Jupiter systemForecast · ~2090
- Titan outpostForecast · ~2093
- Probe swarm at SaturnForecast · ~2094
- Laser-sail interstellar probeForecast · ~2095
- Antimatter-catalysed drive testForecast · ~2097
- O'Neill cylinder under constructionForecast · ~2097
- A million people in spaceForecast · ~2099
- Generation-ship prototypesForecast · ~2099
Space Habitats & Life Support 38
- Pressure suitRecorded · 1934
- SpacewalkRecorded · 1965
- First space stationRecorded · 1971
- BIOS-3 closed habitatRecorded · 1972
- Modular space stationRecorded · 1986
- Biosphere 2Recorded · 1991
- Water ice found at lunar polesRecorded · 2009
- Space-grown lettuceRecorded · 2015
- Inflatable space moduleRecorded · 2016
- Oxygen made on MarsRecorded · 2021
- 98% water recycling in orbitRecorded · 2023
- Lunar ice sampled in shadowed cratersForecast · ~2027
- Bricks made on the MoonForecast · ~2029
- Large inflatable stationsForecast · ~2031
- Lunar surface habitatForecast · ~2032
- Oxygen and water from lunar soilForecast · ~2034
- Bioregenerative life supportForecast · ~2040
- Mars surface habitatsForecast · ~2044
- Perfect habitat water loopsForecast · ~2045
- Deep-space radiation shieldingForecast · ~2046
- Printed regolith habitatsForecast · ~2048
- Lava-tube basesForecast · ~2050
- Fully closed life supportForecast · ~2054
- Sealed artificial biospheresForecast · ~2063
- Crew hibernationForecast · ~2066
- Spinning bedrooms on MarsForecast · ~2068
- Gardens on MarsForecast · ~2070
- Habitats inside asteroidsForecast · ~2072
- Self-healing habitat hullsForecast · ~2075
- Floating habitats over VenusForecast · ~2080
- Habitats grown by fungiForecast · ~2080
- Ecosystems for generation shipsForecast · ~2084
- Lunar life-support spare-part independenceForecast · ~2086
- Roofed-over cratersForecast · ~2088
- Polar base on MercuryForecast · ~2090
- Asteroid citiesForecast · ~2094
- Habitat for a century-long voyageForecast · ~2096
- Self-protecting habitatsForecast · ~2097
Defense & Security 43
- TankRecorded · 1916
- Aircraft carrierRecorded · 1922
- Codebreaking machinesRecorded · 1940
- Atomic bombRecorded · 1945
- Hydrogen bombRecorded · 1952
- Nuclear submarineRecorded · 1954
- ICBMRecorded · 1957
- SAGE air defenceRecorded · 1958
- Kevlar body armourRecorded · 1975
- Solid-state phased-array antennasRecorded · 1980
- Stealth aircraftRecorded · 1983
- Network firewallRecorded · 1988
- Long-range military droneRecorded · 1995
- GPS-guided munitionsRecorded · 1997
- CyberweaponRecorded · 2010
- Iron Dome rocket defenceRecorded · 2011
- Hypersonic glide vehicleRecorded · 2019
- Mass drone warfareRecorded · 2023
- Autonomous drone swarmsRecorded · 2025
- Counter-drone shieldsRecorded · 2025
- Drone wingmen for fighter jetsRecorded · 2025
- Laser air defenceRecorded · 2025
- Mass-produced interceptor dronesRecorded · 2025
- Microwave weapons against swarmsForecast · ~2027
- Space traffic control and debris removalForecast · ~2028
- Defensive drone swarmsForecast · ~2029
- Engineered-pathogen sensorsForecast · ~2030
- Space-based missile defenceForecast · ~2035
- Mirror-life safeguardsForecast · ~2040
- Operational asteroid defenceForecast · ~2042
- Mostly autonomous militariesForecast · ~2045
- Universal biodefenceForecast · ~2045
- Autonomous peacekeepingForecast · ~2055
- Orbital laser debris sweepersForecast · ~2055
- Climate-intervention securityForecast · ~2062
- Nuclear weapons dismantledForecast · ~2070
- AI-mediated arms treatiesForecast · ~2075
- Defence against neural manipulationForecast · ~2080
- Space demilitarisation treatyForecast · ~2082
- Comet deflection readinessForecast · ~2085
- Cislunar traffic watchForecast · ~2088
- Space-lane patrolsForecast · ~2093
- Great-power war obsoleteForecast · ~2097
Batteries & Energy Storage 43
- Nickel-iron batteryRecorded · 1901
- Pumped hydro storageRecorded · 1907
- Sealed nickel-cadmium batteryRecorded · 1947
- Alkaline batteryRecorded · 1959
- Decades-long nuclear batteriesRecorded · 1970
- Compressed-air energy storageRecorded · 1978
- SupercapacitorRecorded · 1978
- Vanadium flow batteryRecorded · 1986
- Nickel-metal hydride batteryRecorded · 1989
- Lithium-ion batteryRecorded · 1991
- Lithium iron phosphateRecorded · 1996
- Seasonal heat storage networksRecorded · 2015
- Grid-scale batteriesRecorded · 2017
- Sand batteryRecorded · 2022
- Industrial heat batteriesRecorded · 2023
- AI-discovered battery chemistriesRecorded · 2024
- Cars that power the gridRecorded · 2024
- Gravity storageRecorded · 2024
- Sodium-ion car batteriesRecorded · 2024
- Sodium-ion grid storageRecorded · 2024
- CO2 battery storage plantRecorded · 2025
- Multi-day iron-air batteriesRecorded · 2025
- Hydrogen salt-cavern storageForecast · ~2027
- All-solid-state EV batteriesForecast · ~2028
- Gigawatt-hour iron-air fleetsForecast · ~2030
- Diamond nuclear batteries everywhereForecast · ~2031
- Lithium-sulfur batteriesForecast · ~2031
- AI-designed battery on saleForecast · ~2032
- Lithium-air batteriesForecast · ~2040
- Structural batteriesForecast · ~2045
- Self-healing batteriesForecast · ~2047
- Iron powder as recyclable fuelForecast · ~2050
- Quantum batteriesForecast · ~2050
- Cars that charge in secondsForecast · ~2061
- Living batteriesForecast · ~2062
- Superconducting energy banksForecast · ~2070
- Orbital energy banksForecast · ~2072
- Nanostructured supercapacitorsForecast · ~2078
- Nuclear isomer batteriesForecast · ~2080
- Planetary energy bufferForecast · ~2082
- Dust-storm power reserves on MarsForecast · ~2086
- Lunar gravity storageForecast · ~2093
- Solar-swarm energy banksForecast · ~2098
Mathematics & Algorithms 53
- Incompleteness theoremsRecorded · 1931
- Monte Carlo methodRecorded · 1946
- Linear programmingRecorded · 1947
- Error-correcting codesRecorded · 1950
- Shortest-path algorithmRecorded · 1959
- Kalman filterRecorded · 1960
- Fast Fourier transformRecorded · 1965
- NP-completenessRecorded · 1971
- Computer-assisted proofRecorded · 1976
- Lempel-Ziv compressionRecorded · 1977
- Swarm intelligence algorithmsRecorded · 1992
- Shor's factoring algorithmRecorded · 1994
- Lean proof assistantRecorded · 2013
- Machine-native mathematicsRecorded · 2016
- AI wins IMO goldRecorded · 2025
- Machine-discovered laws of natureRecorded · 2025
- AI agents clear open problems at scaleRecorded · 2026
- AI lifts the Riemann zeros boundRecorded · 2026
- AI Navier-Stokes blow-up proof (claimed)Recorded · 2026
- AI settles an 80-year-old Erdős problemRecorded · 2026
- Textbook maths auto-formalisedForecast · ~2027
- AI co-authors most new mathematicsForecast · ~2028
- Erdős problem list largely clearedForecast · ~2028
- First Millennium problem settled by AIForecast · ~2028
- Formal-by-default mathematicsForecast · ~2029
- Machine-discovered algorithms everywhereForecast · ~2029
- Riemann hypothesis provedForecast · ~2032
- AI-discovered quantum algorithmsForecast · ~2034
- AI-founded fields of mathematicsForecast · ~2034
- Most Millennium Prize problems solvedForecast · ~2034
- Formal atlas of all mathematicsForecast · ~2040
- Turbulence tamedForecast · ~2040
- Planet-scale optimisationForecast · ~2042
- Automated theory buildingForecast · ~2045
- P versus NP resolvedForecast · ~2045
- Post-P-vs-NP cryptographyForecast · ~2050
- Predictive science of complex systemsForecast · ~2052
- Grand unification of mathematicsForecast · ~2058
- Verified answers to any maths questionForecast · ~2062
- Questions about infinity settledForecast · ~2068
- New foundations of logicForecast · ~2072
- Self-verifying AI reasoningForecast · ~2078
- Humans grasp machine proofsForecast · ~2080
- Map of every reachable theoremForecast · ~2082
- Proof compression for humansForecast · ~2083
- Exactly solvable economicsForecast · ~2086
- Mathematics as a human artForecast · ~2089
- Solve-or-refute engineForecast · ~2090
- Mathematical theory of mindsForecast · ~2092
- Mathematics of quantum gravityForecast · ~2094
- Limits of knowable computationForecast · ~2095
- Classic open problems run outForecast · ~2096
- Mapping possible universesForecast · ~2099
Physics & Quantum 48
- Quantum hypothesisRecorded · 1900
- Special relativityRecorded · 1905
- General relativityRecorded · 1915
- Quantum mechanicsRecorded · 1925
- CyclotronRecorded · 1932
- Bell's theoremRecorded · 1964
- Density functional theoryRecorded · 1965
- Laser cooling of atomsRecorded · 1978
- Entanglement experimentsRecorded · 1982
- Bose-Einstein condensateRecorded · 1995
- Optical frequency combRecorded · 2000
- Large Hadron ColliderRecorded · 2008
- Room-temperature quantum devicesRecorded · 2008
- Higgs boson foundRecorded · 2012
- Gravitational waves detectedRecorded · 2015
- Networked quantum sensorsRecorded · 2016
- Gravity of everyday objects measuredRecorded · 2022
- Star-core plasma on demandRecorded · 2022
- Nuclear clock transitionRecorded · 2024
- Giant reactor-neutrino detector (JUNO)Recorded · 2025
- Neutrino mass ordering settledForecast · ~2031
- Space gravitational-wave observatoryForecast · ~2037
- Einstein TelescopeForecast · ~2040
- Quantum materials by designForecast · ~2042
- Next-generation colliderForecast · ~2048
- Gravitational-wave map of the early universeForecast · ~2055
- Dark matter identifiedForecast · ~2058
- Axions caught or ruled outForecast · ~2063
- Dark-matter telescopesForecast · ~2065
- Engineered quantum biologyForecast · ~2065
- Muon colliderForecast · ~2068
- Neutrino communicationForecast · ~2070
- Time-crystal clocks and memoriesForecast · ~2074
- Cosmic neutrino background detectedForecast · ~2075
- New fundamental force foundForecast · ~2075
- Vacuum-energy engineeringForecast · ~2078
- Quantum simulation of the Big BangForecast · ~2080
- Exotic matter in the labForecast · ~2082
- Neutrino imaging of Sun and EarthForecast · ~2083
- Bulk antimatter storageForecast · ~2085
- Lunar gravitational-wave observatoryForecast · ~2088
- Quantum gravity testedForecast · ~2090
- Dark energy explainedForecast · ~2092
- Artificial gravitational wavesForecast · ~2093
- Vacuum stability settledForecast · ~2094
- Spacetime engineering experimentsForecast · ~2095
- Warp-metric lab testsForecast · ~2097
- Theory of everything confirmedForecast · ~2098
Cybersecurity & Cryptography 41
- One-time padRecorded · 1917
- Rotor cipher machineRecorded · 1918
- Data Encryption StandardRecorded · 1977
- Antivirus softwareRecorded · 1987
- Internet wormRecorded · 1988
- HTTPS encryptionRecorded · 1995
- AES encryptionRecorded · 2001
- Two-factor loginRecorded · 2011
- Zero-trust networksRecorded · 2014
- Encrypted messaging for billionsRecorded · 2016
- Practical zero-knowledge proofsRecorded · 2016
- Global ransomware attacksRecorded · 2017
- Quantum-secured internetRecorded · 2017
- Self-defending networksRecorded · 2021
- PasskeysRecorded · 2022
- Self-sovereign identityRecorded · 2023
- Stable SLSA v1.0 build-provenance standardRecorded · 2023
- Unforgeable proof of personhoodRecorded · 2023
- Computing on encrypted dataRecorded · 2024
- Neural privacy protectionRecorded · 2024
- AI finds and fixes zero-daysRecorded · 2025
- AI-run cyber espionage campaignRecorded · 2025
- Identity and permissions for AI agentsRecorded · 2025
- First rogue AI agent swarmRecorded · 2026
- Agent firewallsForecast · ~2027
- Legacy code made memory-safe by AIForecast · ~2028
- Passwords phased outForecast · ~2030
- Brain-implant firewallsForecast · ~2031
- Automated cyber conflictForecast · ~2032
- Quantum computer breaks RSAForecast · ~2035
- Universal content provenanceForecast · ~2035
- Universal DNA-synthesis screeningForecast · ~2040
- Robot command lockdownForecast · ~2042
- Post-quantum migration completeForecast · ~2046
- Provably secure systems by defaultForecast · ~2050
- Internet immune systemForecast · ~2060
- Quantum moneyForecast · ~2074
- Thought-pattern keysForecast · ~2078
- Secure brain-to-brain channelsForecast · ~2090
- Interplanetary quantum keysForecast · ~2093
- Security for uploaded mindsForecast · ~2099
Energy 60
- Gusher-era oil extractionRecorded · 1901
- Steam-turbine power stationRecorded · 1903
- Geothermal power stationRecorded · 1913
- National electricity gridRecorded · 1926
- Catalytic crackingRecorded · 1937
- Nuclear fission discoveredRecorded · 1938
- Gas-turbine generationRecorded · 1939
- First nuclear reactorRecorded · 1942
- HVDC transmissionRecorded · 1954
- Nuclear power plantRecorded · 1954
- Silicon solar cellRecorded · 1954
- Radioisotope power generatorRecorded · 1961
- PEM fuel cell and electrolyserRecorded · 1965
- Tokamak magnetic fusionRecorded · 1968
- Smart electricity meterRecorded · 1977
- Utility-scale wind farmRecorded · 1980
- Shale fracking boomRecorded · 2005
- Perovskite solar cellRecorded · 2009
- Mass-produced solarRecorded · 2010
- Fusion ignitionRecorded · 2022
- First commercial fusion contractsRecorded · 2023
- Megawatt multi-vendor grid-forming test programRecorded · 2024
- First fusion power plant constructionRecorded · 2025
- Enhanced geothermal powerRecorded · 2026
- AI grid operatorsForecast · ~2028
- Green hydrogen at scaleForecast · ~2028
- Solid-state transformersForecast · ~2028
- Tokamak breakeven (Q > 1)Forecast · ~2028
- Desert solar beltsForecast · ~2030
- Long-range wireless powerForecast · ~2030
- Perovskite tandem solarForecast · ~2030
- Small modular reactorsForecast · ~2031
- Space-based solar powerForecast · ~2031
- Millimetre-wave deep drillingForecast · ~2032
- Sustained industrial-scale geologic hydrogen extractionForecast · ~2033
- Thorium molten-salt fleetsForecast · ~2033
- Sunlight-to-fuel microbesForecast · ~2035
- Continental supergridForecast · ~2036
- Fusion pilot power plantForecast · ~2038
- Orbital power stationsForecast · ~2060
- Fusion neutron foundries sell useful isotopesForecast · ~2064
- Fusion power fleetsForecast · ~2064
- Fusion-powered shipsForecast · ~2068
- Lunar solar power beamed to EarthForecast · ~2068
- Lunar helium-3 fuelForecast · ~2072
- Compact fusion enginesForecast · ~2075
- Superconducting power gridsForecast · ~2075
- Artificial leaves at scaleForecast · ~2078
- Near-free clean electricityForecast · ~2080
- Neighbourhood fusion cellsForecast · ~2084
- Muon-catalysed fusion reactorsForecast · ~2085
- Beamed power networkForecast · ~2086
- Tenfold energy use, zero carbonForecast · ~2088
- Aneutronic fusionForecast · ~2090
- Waste-heat-free power plantsForecast · ~2092
- Fusion power on MarsForecast · ~2093
- Lossless planetary gridForecast · ~2094
- Dyson-swarm seed factoriesForecast · ~2096
- Antimatter-catalysed powerForecast · ~2098
- Solar power swarmForecast · ~2099
Heating, Cooling & Refrigeration 50
- Air conditioningRecorded · 1902
- Centrifugal chillerRecorded · 1922
- Absorption refrigeratorRecorded · 1925
- Sealed fridge compressorRecorded · 1927
- CFC refrigerantsRecorded · 1928
- Building heat pumpRecorded · 1938
- Car air conditioningRecorded · 1939
- Refrigerated truckingRecorded · 1940
- Split air conditionerRecorded · 1961
- Dilution refrigeratorRecorded · 1964
- Inverter heat pumpRecorded · 1981
- Variable refrigerant flowRecorded · 1982
- Montreal ProtocolRecorded · 1987
- Passive houseRecorded · 1991
- Ozone-safe HFC refrigerantsRecorded · 1992
- Hydrocarbon fridgesRecorded · 1993
- Termite-inspired coolingRecorded · 1996
- CO2 heat-pump water heaterRecorded · 2001
- Low-warming HFO refrigerantsRecorded · 2013
- Daytime radiative cooling below ambientRecorded · 2014
- Kigali HFC phase-downRecorded · 2016
- Room-by-room climate fieldsRecorded · 2017
- AI-run cooling plantsRecorded · 2018
- Ultra-cold vaccine chainRecorded · 2020
- Liquid-cooled AI racksRecorded · 2024
- Industrial steam heat pumpsForecast · ~2029
- Ultra-efficient room ACForecast · ~2029
- Desiccant air conditionersForecast · ~2030
- Helium-free millikelvin coolersForecast · ~2030
- Natural-refrigerant heat pumpsForecast · ~2030
- Buildings that pre-cool by forecastForecast · ~2031
- Radiative cooling assists refrigeration across climatesForecast · ~2031
- Air conditioning without powerForecast · ~2032
- Heat pumps standardForecast · ~2035
- Solar cold storage for every farmForecast · ~2036
- Shared ambient heat loopsForecast · ~2042
- Waste-heat MOF chillersForecast · ~2043
- Cooling for all in hot regionsForecast · ~2045
- HFC phase-down completeForecast · ~2047
- Refrigerant-free cooling standardForecast · ~2048
- Spoilage-free cold chainForecast · ~2050
- Heat-pumping building skinsForecast · ~2052
- Thermal transistorsForecast · ~2062
- Cooling powered by its own heatForecast · ~2065
- Nanoscale quantum refrigeratorsForecast · ~2067
- Climate-controlled outdoor districtsForecast · ~2070
- Heat pumps for Mars townsForecast · ~2075
- Laser-cooled solid fridgesForecast · ~2077
- Heat control for orbital townsForecast · ~2085
- Cooling at the thermodynamic limitForecast · ~2092
Emergency & Disaster Response 28
- DefibrillatorRecorded · 1947
- Tsunami warning centreRecorded · 1949
- Emergency number 911Recorded · 1968
- Satellite rescue beaconsRecorded · 1982
- Earthquake early warningRecorded · 2007
- Automatic heat sheltersRecorded · 2016
- Phones as quake sensorsRecorded · 2020
- AI disaster forecastingRecorded · 2025
- AI emergency call takersForecast · ~2027
- Instant-response drone networkForecast · ~2029
- Wildfire-spotting satellitesForecast · ~2030
- Rescue robotsForecast · ~2032
- Wildfires stopped at ignitionForecast · ~2032
- Search drone swarmsForecast · ~2034
- Deployable flood barriersForecast · ~2035
- Disaster-proof citiesForecast · ~2050
- Outbreaks stopped within a weekForecast · ~2055
- Self-stabilising buildingsForecast · ~2065
- Orbital rescue serviceForecast · ~2068
- Earthquake warnings minutes aheadForecast · ~2076
- Nanobot first aidForecast · ~2079
- Global robot rescue reserveForecast · ~2080
- Civilisation seed kits pass an offline rebuild testForecast · ~2086
- Solar-system search and rescueForecast · ~2089
- Robots first into every disasterForecast · ~2092
- Lunar rescue corpsForecast · ~2093
- Cities that heal after disastersForecast · ~2095
- Disaster deaths near zeroForecast · ~2095
Communications 47
- Transatlantic radioRecorded · 1901
- Transcontinental telephoneRecorded · 1915
- RadarRecorded · 1935
- Information theoryRecorded · 1948
- Transatlantic phone cableRecorded · 1956
- Communications satelliteRecorded · 1962
- Packet switchingRecorded · 1965
- ARPANETRecorded · 1969
- Low-loss optical fibreRecorded · 1970
- EthernetRecorded · 1973
- TCP/IPRecorded · 1974
- Cellular phone networkRecorded · 1979
- 2G digital mobile & SMSRecorded · 1991
- World Wide WebRecorded · 1991
- Home broadbandRecorded · 1995
- Wi-FiRecorded · 1997
- Global satellite phoneRecorded · 1998
- Space laser communicationRecorded · 2001
- Internet callingRecorded · 2003
- 4G LTERecorded · 2009
- Satellite quantum key exchangeRecorded · 2017
- Body-area networksRecorded · 2018
- 5GRecorded · 2019
- LEO satellite internetRecorded · 2020
- Satellite-to-phone serviceRecorded · 2025
- Satellite broadband to any phoneForecast · ~2028
- 6G networksForecast · ~2030
- Brain-to-brain messagingForecast · ~2031
- Working quantum repeater linksForecast · ~2032
- Ambient connectivityForecast · ~2033
- Lunar communication gridForecast · ~2033
- Interplanetary internetForecast · ~2035
- High-bandwidth Mars linkForecast · ~2037
- Quantum internet backboneForecast · ~2042
- 7G networksForecast · ~2045
- Lunar internet serviceForecast · ~2047
- Global drone and balloon meshForecast · ~2052
- Quantum teleportation networksForecast · ~2070
- Laser-linked solar systemForecast · ~2081
- Neural internetForecast · ~2085
- Solar-lens interstellar relayForecast · ~2085
- Emotion-sharing networksForecast · ~2087
- Through-planet neutrino linksForecast · ~2089
- Quantum internet in every homeForecast · ~2092
- Solar-system quantum networkForecast · ~2095
- Interstellar probe linkForecast · ~2096
- Gravitational-wave messagingForecast · ~2099
Advertising & Marketing 55
- Market research departmentRecorded · 1911
- Radio commercialRecorded · 1922
- Skywriting adsRecorded · 1922
- Brand managersRecorded · 1931
- Scientific opinion pollRecorded · 1936
- Ban on deceptive adsRecorded · 1938
- Focus groupsRecorded · 1941
- TV commercialRecorded · 1941
- Metered audience ratingsRecorded · 1942
- Computer model of votersRecorded · 1960
- Exit pollsRecorded · 1967
- TV cigarette ad banRecorded · 1971
- Spam emailRecorded · 1978
- Scanner-panel test marketsRecorded · 1979
- Browser cookiesRecorded · 1994
- Web banner adRecorded · 1994
- Ad blockersRecorded · 1996
- Ad server networkRecorded · 1996
- Pay-per-click search adsRecorded · 1998
- Contextual ads on any siteRecorded · 2003
- Do Not Call registryRecorded · 2003
- Paid influencer postsRecorded · 2006
- Social network adsRecorded · 2007
- Real-time ad auctionsRecorded · 2009
- GDPR privacy lawRecorded · 2018
- App tracking opt-inRecorded · 2021
- Ads inside AI chatbotsRecorded · 2023
- AI-generated ad creativesRecorded · 2023
- Political ad transparency lawRecorded · 2025
- Ads made end to end by AIForecast · ~2027
- Marketing aimed at AI shoppersForecast · ~2028
- Video ads made for each viewerForecast · ~2028
- Ads priced by attentionForecast · ~2029
- Every brand has an AI agentForecast · ~2029
- AI panels replace most surveysForecast · ~2030
- Agents negotiate ad dealsForecast · ~2031
- Ads in smart-glasses viewForecast · ~2033
- AI answers outsell search adsForecast · ~2033
- Limits on AI persuasion in adsForecast · ~2034
- Ads reach agents, not peopleForecast · ~2038
- Ban on brain-data adsForecast · ~2042
- Campaigns tested on simulated nationsForecast · ~2044
- Paid for your data and attentionForecast · ~2044
- Orbital billboardForecast · ~2048
- Sponsored layers on realityForecast · ~2050
- Live opinion sensingForecast · ~2054
- Ads tuned to brain stateForecast · ~2062
- Marketing becomes machine to machineForecast · ~2063
- Right not to be persuadedForecast · ~2065
- Brands as AI beingsForecast · ~2068
- Attention markets for everyoneForecast · ~2073
- End of interruptive adsForecast · ~2079
- Sponsored dreamsForecast · ~2087
- Marketing across planetsForecast · ~2090
- Marketing to digital mindsForecast · ~2096
Commerce & Finance 49
- Self-service grocery storeRecorded · 1916
- Credit cardRecorded · 1958
- Cash machineRecorded · 1967
- Electronic stock exchangeRecorded · 1971
- Barcode scanningRecorded · 1974
- SWIFT payment networkRecorded · 1977
- Credit scoreRecorded · 1989
- Online retailRecorded · 1995
- Online paymentsRecorded · 1999
- Phone wallet paymentsRecorded · 2004
- High-frequency tradingRecorded · 2005
- Mobile moneyRecorded · 2007
- Smart contractsRecorded · 2015
- Drone delivery serviceRecorded · 2016
- Instant payment systemsRecorded · 2016
- Central-bank digital currencyRecorded · 2020
- AI shopping agentsRecorded · 2025
- Delegated payment accounts for AI agentsRecorded · 2025
- Early tokenised asset marketsRecorded · 2025
- Payment protocols for AI agentsRecorded · 2025
- Regulated stablecoinsRecorded · 2025
- Agents hiring other agentsForecast · ~2027
- Second-by-second insuranceForecast · ~2028
- Stablecoins in everyday paymentsForecast · ~2028
- Insured delegated-agent commerceForecast · ~2029
- First company run by agent swarmForecast · ~2030
- AI-drafted public budgetsForecast · ~2032
- Outcome-audited career transition accountsForecast · ~2033
- Unified ledger for central banksForecast · ~2033
- Audited resilience-linked insurance contractsForecast · ~2034
- Self-organising agent economiesForecast · ~2036
- Taxes on automationForecast · ~2038
- Programmable money everywhereForecast · ~2040
- Agent-run commerceForecast · ~2045
- Largely automated economyForecast · ~2055
- Universal AI dividendsForecast · ~2058
- Reputation economiesForecast · ~2060
- Compute as currencyForecast · ~2062
- AI-run companiesForecast · ~2068
- Carbon-backed currencyForecast · ~2072
- Post-scarcity basicsForecast · ~2074
- Banking for space settlementsForecast · ~2080
- Energy-backed moneyForecast · ~2082
- Interplanetary tradeForecast · ~2085
- Asteroid-metal marketsForecast · ~2087
- Attention economiesForecast · ~2090
- AI entities own most capitalForecast · ~2093
- Money obsolete for daily lifeForecast · ~2094
- Light-delay ledgersForecast · ~2097
Work & Productivity 49
- Five-day, 40-hour weekRecorded · 1926
- Telex business networkRecorded · 1933
- Tape word processorRecorded · 1964
- Desktop fax machineRecorded · 1966
- Office cubicleRecorded · 1968
- Picturephone serviceRecorded · 1970
- Screen-based word processorRecorded · 1976
- SpreadsheetRecorded · 1979
- Presentation softwareRecorded · 1987
- GroupwareRecorded · 1989
- Office software suiteRecorded · 1989
- Email in your pocketRecorded · 1999
- Coworking spaceRecorded · 2005
- Online gig workRecorded · 2005
- Live shared documentsRecorded · 2006
- Online task boardsRecorded · 2011
- Cloud video meetingsRecorded · 2013
- Team chat appsRecorded · 2013
- Remote work at mass scaleRecorded · 2020
- AI office copilotsRecorded · 2023
- AI customer service agentsRecorded · 2024
- AI that uses a computerRecorded · 2024
- Holographic home officesRecorded · 2024
- AI desktop coworkersRecorded · 2026
- AI agents on the org chartForecast · ~2027
- AI stand-ins at meetingsForecast · ~2028
- Billion-dollar one-person companyForecast · ~2029
- Hiring with no language barrierForecast · ~2030
- Self-running back officeForecast · ~2030
- Four-day week in lawForecast · ~2031
- AI managers for human teamsForecast · ~2032
- Virtual headquartersForecast · ~2033
- Most office work done by AIForecast · ~2035
- Remote robot jobsForecast · ~2035
- Human-made work as a premiumForecast · ~2042
- Licensed AI twins of workersForecast · ~2042
- AI chief executive of a listed firmForecast · ~2044
- Three-day work weekForecast · ~2046
- Brain-interface focus aidsForecast · ~2047
- Work becomes optionalForecast · ~2054
- Keynes's 15-hour weekForecast · ~2056
- Work as chosen vocationForecast · ~2062
- One worker, many robot bodiesForecast · ~2068
- Interplanetary work teamsForecast · ~2070
- Shared-mind work teamsForecast · ~2074
- End of the job contractForecast · ~2080
- Emulated minds at workForecast · ~2086
- Economy of play and craftForecast · ~2089
- Post-work societyForecast · ~2095
Government & Civic Tech 29
- National record numbersRecorded · 1936
- Census by computerRecorded · 1951
- Digital ID and e-governmentRecorded · 2002
- Internet votingRecorded · 2005
- Open government dataRecorded · 2009
- Biometric national IDRecorded · 2010
- Digital direct democracyRecorded · 2015
- Digital public infrastructureRecorded · 2016
- Representation for future generationsRecorded · 2016
- AI-moderated citizen assembliesRecorded · 2024
- Digital identity walletsForecast · ~2027
- AI-run public servicesForecast · ~2028
- Laws published as codeForecast · ~2029
- Portable global identityForecast · ~2029
- Policy simulation before lawForecast · ~2030
- AI city managersForecast · ~2032
- Digital twins of nationsForecast · ~2040
- Citizen-assembly chambersForecast · ~2052
- Universal basic servicesForecast · ~2063
- Cloud nationsForecast · ~2065
- AI advisors seated in parliamentForecast · ~2070
- Global coordination on AI and climateForecast · ~2075
- First off-world self-governmentForecast · ~2080
- National liquid democracyForecast · ~2081
- Legal rights for AI mindsForecast · ~2085
- Self-governing agent nationsForecast · ~2086
- Solar-system governance charterForecast · ~2090
- States funded without taxesForecast · ~2091
- Citizenship for digital mindsForecast · ~2098
Electronics 40
- Vacuum-tube diodeRecorded · 1904
- Triode amplifierRecorded · 1906
- TransistorRecorded · 1947
- MaserRecorded · 1954
- Integrated circuitRecorded · 1958
- MOSFETRecorded · 1959
- LaserRecorded · 1960
- Light-emitting diodeRecorded · 1962
- CCD image sensorRecorded · 1969
- DRAM memory chipRecorded · 1970
- Liquid-crystal displayRecorded · 1971
- MicroprocessorRecorded · 1971
- Power transistors (IGBT)Recorded · 1983
- Flash memoryRecorded · 1984
- Organic LEDs and semiconductorsRecorded · 1987
- Blue LEDRecorded · 1993
- MEMS sensorsRecorded · 1993
- Graphics processor (GPU)Recorded · 1999
- Silicon photonicsRecorded · 2007
- First carbon-nanotube computerRecorded · 2013
- AI accelerator chipsRecorded · 2016
- Co-packaged photonicsRecorded · 2025
- MicroLED displaysRecorded · 2025
- Electronics printed on anythingForecast · ~2030
- Electronic skin everywhereForecast · ~2032
- Brain-efficient chips everywhereForecast · ~2050
- Spintronic logic and memoryForecast · ~2055
- Atomic-scale transistorsForecast · ~2060
- Living-tissue electronicsForecast · ~2068
- Self-healing chipsForecast · ~2070
- Consumer quantum devicesForecast · ~2072
- Superconducting electronicsForecast · ~2072
- Self-assembled circuitsForecast · ~2075
- Photonic neuromorphic chipsForecast · ~2078
- Ionic circuits that compute in waterForecast · ~2080
- Molecular electronicsForecast · ~2085
- Carbon-nanotube computersForecast · ~2087
- Electronics that never need chargingForecast · ~2087
- Single-atom memoryForecast · ~2093
- Nuclear-state computingForecast · ~2098
Semiconductors & Chipmaking 54
- Silicon crystal radio detectorRecorded · 1906
- Silicon transistorRecorded · 1954
- Photolithography for chipsRecorded · 1957
- Planar processRecorded · 1959
- Laminar-flow cleanroomRecorded · 1962
- CMOS logicRecorded · 1963
- Moore's lawRecorded · 1965
- Wafer stepperRecorded · 1978
- Chip design software (EDA)Recorded · 1981
- Field-programmable gate arrayRecorded · 1985
- Pure-play chip foundryRecorded · 1987
- Copper chip wiringRecorded · 1997
- 300 mm silicon wafersRecorded · 2001
- High-k metal gate transistorsRecorded · 2007
- 3D FinFET transistorRecorded · 2011
- Silicon carbide power chipsRecorded · 2011
- Silicon interposer packagingRecorded · 2011
- High Bandwidth MemoryRecorded · 2015
- Chiplet processorsRecorded · 2017
- EUV lithographyRecorded · 2019
- Wafer-scale AI processorRecorded · 2019
- AI chip-layout toolsRecorded · 2021
- 3D-stacked chipletsRecorded · 2022
- Gate-all-around transistorsRecorded · 2022
- 2D-material microprocessorRecorded · 2025
- Backside power deliveryRecorded · 2026
- Glass-core chip packagesForecast · ~2027
- High-NA EUV chips on saleForecast · ~2027
- Chips designed end to end by AIForecast · ~2029
- Small fast-turn chip fabsForecast · ~2030
- 3D DRAMForecast · ~2031
- Chip crystals grown in orbitForecast · ~2032
- Lights-out AI-run chip fabForecast · ~2032
- Chips that design successorsForecast · ~2033
- Stacked CFET transistorsForecast · ~2033
- Qubit chips from standard fabsForecast · ~2034
- Free-electron-laser EUV lightForecast · ~2035
- Wafer-scale computers everywhereForecast · ~2035
- AI-invented transistor typeForecast · ~2036
- 2D-material transistorsForecast · ~2040
- Monolithic 3D logicForecast · ~2042
- Beyond-EUV lithographyForecast · ~2045
- Superconducting AI chipsForecast · ~2046
- Atom-precise chip patterningForecast · ~2050
- Chip fab in a shipping containerForecast · ~2052
- Zero-waste chip fabsForecast · ~2062
- Chip fabs in orbitForecast · ~2065
- Cube-shaped 3D processorsForecast · ~2068
- Desktop chip printerForecast · ~2075
- A deep-space probe rebuilds its processorForecast · ~2080
- Chip fab on the MoonForecast · ~2080
- Self-copying chip fabsForecast · ~2084
- Atomically perfect chipsForecast · ~2088
- Asteroid-belt chip foundriesForecast · ~2093
Optics & Imaging 31
- Electron microscopeRecorded · 1931
- Colour filmRecorded · 1935
- HolographyRecorded · 1947
- Fibre-optic endoscopeRecorded · 1957
- LidarRecorded · 1961
- Hyperspectral imagingRecorded · 1987
- Adaptive opticsRecorded · 1991
- CMOS image sensorRecorded · 1993
- Super-resolution microscopyRecorded · 2006
- Cryo-electron microscopyRecorded · 2013
- Computational photographyRecorded · 2016
- Surfaces of nearby stars imagedRecorded · 2016
- Black-hole imageRecorded · 2019
- Optical interplanetary linksRecorded · 2023
- Solid-state lidarForecast · ~2027
- MetalensesForecast · ~2028
- Holographic video wallsForecast · ~2030
- Hyperspectral phone camerasForecast · ~2030
- Lidar in everythingForecast · ~2035
- Whole-brain voltage imagingForecast · ~2036
- Habitable Worlds Observatory launchForecast · ~2041
- Atomic imaging of living cellsForecast · ~2050
- Direct spectrum of a habitable-zone Earth-size planetForecast · ~2050
- Tabletop X-ray lasersForecast · ~2055
- Quantum camerasForecast · ~2056
- Practical invisibility cloaksForecast · ~2060
- Quantum-linked telescope arraysForecast · ~2070
- Kilometre-scale space interferometerForecast · ~2075
- Gigawatt laser arraysForecast · ~2088
- Safe through-wall imagingForecast · ~2091
- City-scale images of exoplanetsForecast · ~2093
Lighting 53
- Mercury-vapour lampRecorded · 1903
- Tungsten-filament bulbRecorded · 1904
- Neon lightingRecorded · 1910
- Gas-filled light bulbRecorded · 1913
- Electric traffic lightRecorded · 1914
- Phoebus bulb cartelRecorded · 1925
- Sodium street lampRecorded · 1932
- Ellipsoidal stage spotlightRecorded · 1933
- Germicidal UV lampRecorded · 1936
- Fluorescent tubeRecorded · 1938
- Blue-light jaundice treatmentRecorded · 1958
- Halogen lampRecorded · 1959
- Metal-halide lampRecorded · 1962
- High-pressure sodium lampRecorded · 1965
- Robotic moving stage lightsRecorded · 1981
- Light therapy for winter bluesRecorded · 1984
- DMX512 lighting controlRecorded · 1986
- White LEDRecorded · 1996
- First dark-sky cityRecorded · 2001
- Bans on filament bulbsRecorded · 2007
- LED light bulbRecorded · 2008
- Solar LED lanternRecorded · 2008
- LED streetlightsRecorded · 2009
- OLED light panelsRecorded · 2009
- App-controlled smart bulbsRecorded · 2012
- Glare-free matrix headlightsRecorded · 2013
- Li-Fi data by lightRecorded · 2014
- Mass LED bulb programmeRecorded · 2015
- Glowing petuniaRecorded · 2024
- Fluorescent tubes phased outForecast · ~2027
- 40 Hz flicker therapy for Alzheimer'sForecast · ~2028
- Li-Fi in phones and laptopsForecast · ~2028
- Sunlight from orbit at nightForecast · ~2029
- Farm lights tuned plant by plantForecast · ~2031
- Glowing walls and ceilingsForecast · ~2034
- LED lamps near the efficiency limitForecast · ~2035
- Light tuned to your body clockForecast · ~2036
- Electric light in every homeForecast · ~2038
- Sunlight beamed into lunar cratersForecast · ~2042
- Light prescribed as medicineForecast · ~2045
- Grow lights for Mars greenhousesForecast · ~2048
- Starry skies back over citiesForecast · ~2050
- Glowing street treesForecast · ~2052
- Sunlit underground parksForecast · ~2055
- Daylight cycles for orbital townsForecast · ~2062
- Every surface a light and screenForecast · ~2068
- Cities lit by living lightForecast · ~2075
- Orbital mirrors end polar nightForecast · ~2078
- Artificial sun for Mars domesForecast · ~2085
- Night sight makes streetlights optionalForecast · ~2089
- Sunlight mirrors for asteroid townsForecast · ~2092
- Mirrors that warm and light MarsForecast · ~2095
- Seasons on a generation shipForecast · ~2099
Sensors & Measurement 35
- Quartz oscillatorRecorded · 1921
- Geiger counterRecorded · 1928
- Strain gaugeRecorded · 1938
- Gas chromatographyRecorded · 1952
- International System of UnitsRecorded · 1960
- Thermal imaging cameraRecorded · 1965
- Electronic nosesRecorded · 1982
- Metre defined by lightRecorded · 1983
- Atomic magnetometerRecorded · 2002
- Fibre-optic acoustic sensingRecorded · 2009
- Wireless sensor networksRecorded · 2010
- Continuous whole-body monitoringRecorded · 2018
- Wearable quantum brain scannersRecorded · 2018
- SI redefined on constantsRecorded · 2019
- Clocks that map gravityRecorded · 2020
- Lidar in phonesRecorded · 2020
- Quantum underground mappingRecorded · 2022
- Seafloor cables as quake sensorsForecast · ~2028
- Air sensed molecule by moleculeForecast · ~2030
- Every square metre sensedForecast · ~2032
- Smart dustForecast · ~2032
- Lab-on-a-chip diagnosticsForecast · ~2033
- Trillion-sensor worldForecast · ~2035
- Live gravity map of EarthForecast · ~2045
- Self-calibrating sensor networksForecast · ~2052
- Atom-interferometer wave detectorsForecast · ~2055
- Quantum-limited measurementForecast · ~2058
- City-wide structural sensingForecast · ~2063
- Planetary nervous systemForecast · ~2065
- Bloodstream nanosensorsForecast · ~2066
- Every species trackedForecast · ~2080
- Single-molecule sensing anywhereForecast · ~2085
- Non-invasive full-brain readoutForecast · ~2090
- Live mapping of thoughtForecast · ~2096
- Solar-system sensor webForecast · ~2099
Data Storage & Memory 33
- Computer magnetic tapeRecorded · 1951
- Magnetic-core memoryRecorded · 1953
- Hard disk driveRecorded · 1956
- Floppy diskRecorded · 1971
- An archive sent to the starsRecorded · 1977
- CD-ROMRecorded · 1985
- RAID disk arraysRecorded · 1987
- GMR hard-drive read headsRecorded · 1997
- USB flash driveRecorded · 2000
- Big-data processingRecorded · 2006
- Solid-state drives go mainstreamRecorded · 2008
- DNA data storageRecorded · 2012
- 3D NAND flashRecorded · 2013
- Data stored in living cellsRecorded · 2017
- Data written in glassRecorded · 2019
- Lunar archive of humanityRecorded · 2019
- Thousand-year archivesRecorded · 2020
- AI memory of your lifeRecorded · 2024
- Heat-assisted hard drivesRecorded · 2024
- Glass archives in data centresForecast · ~2030
- DNA archives in data centresForecast · ~2033
- Holographic optical storageForecast · ~2034
- The world continuously recordedForecast · ~2035
- A petabyte in your pocketForecast · ~2040
- Molecular memoryForecast · ~2048
- Quantum memory banksForecast · ~2057
- Off-world backup of civilisationForecast · ~2060
- Memory backups from the brainForecast · ~2065
- Living data archivesForecast · ~2074
- Self-repairing archivesForecast · ~2082
- Stored simulated worldsForecast · ~2085
- Storage for whole mindsForecast · ~2094
- Archives sent toward nearby starsForecast · ~2096
File Formats & Standards 48
- Teleprinter code ITA2Recorded · 1932
- ASCII text codeRecorded · 1963
- EBCDIC character codeRecorded · 1964
- UPC barcode symbolRecorded · 1973
- FASTA sequence formatRecorded · 1985
- SGML markup standardRecorded · 1986
- GIF imagesRecorded · 1987
- STL 3D model filesRecorded · 1987
- ZIP archivesRecorded · 1989
- HTML web pagesRecorded · 1991
- UnicodeRecorded · 1991
- JPEG compressionRecorded · 1992
- UTF-8 text encodingRecorded · 1992
- DICOM medical imagesRecorded · 1993
- MP3 audioRecorded · 1993
- MPEG-1 digital videoRecorded · 1993
- PDF documentsRecorded · 1993
- QR codeRecorded · 1994
- EXIF photo metadataRecorded · 1995
- PNG imagesRecorded · 1996
- EmojiRecorded · 1997
- XML data formatRecorded · 1998
- JSON data formatRecorded · 2001
- MP4 media containerRecorded · 2001
- H.264 video codecRecorded · 2003
- MarkdownRecorded · 2004
- glTF 3D scene filesRecorded · 2015
- Universal Scene DescriptionRecorded · 2016
- AV1 royalty-free videoRecorded · 2018
- C2PA content credentialsRecorded · 2021
- Gaussian splats in standard 3D filesForecast · ~2027
- AI opens any fileForecast · ~2029
- Most new photos signed at captureForecast · ~2029
- AI-compressed photosForecast · ~2030
- Portable AI memory fileForecast · ~2030
- Next-gen video codec with AI toolsForecast · ~2031
- Video stored as a recipeForecast · ~2033
- 3D captures as common as photosForecast · ~2034
- Self-explaining archive standardForecast · ~2034
- Proof-carrying factory recipesForecast · ~2036
- Consumer brain-data formatForecast · ~2041
- Full-sense recording formatForecast · ~2043
- Whole worlds shared as one fileForecast · ~2046
- Holographic video filesForecast · ~2050
- Files that carry their own readerForecast · ~2062
- Recorded-memory file formatForecast · ~2070
- Mind-state file standardForecast · ~2093
- Messages any mind can decodeForecast · ~2096
Robotics & Automation 53
- Chess-playing automatonRecorded · 1912
- Elektro the talking robotRecorded · 1939
- Master-slave remote armRecorded · 1949
- Robot tortoisesRecorded · 1949
- Automated guided vehicleRecorded · 1953
- Harmonic drive gearRecorded · 1957
- Industrial robotRecorded · 1961
- Shakey the robotRecorded · 1966
- Programmable logic controllerRecorded · 1969
- Stanford ArmRecorded · 1969
- First full-size humanoidRecorded · 1973
- Microprocessor-driven robot armRecorded · 1974
- Canadarm space armRecorded · 1981
- Balancing hopping robotRecorded · 1983
- Honda ASIMORecorded · 2000
- Robots that build robotsRecorded · 2001
- BigDog legged robotRecorded · 2005
- Warehouse robotsRecorded · 2006
- Collaborative robot armRecorded · 2008
- Robot Operating SystemRecorded · 2010
- Soft-bodied robotsRecorded · 2011
- DARPA Robotics ChallengeRecorded · 2015
- Sidewalk delivery robotsRecorded · 2018
- Spot robot dog on saleRecorded · 2019
- Factory humanoid pilotsRecorded · 2024
- Humanoid for under $20,000Recorded · 2024
- Humanoids on full factory shiftsForecast · ~2028
- Robot hands as deft as oursForecast · ~2028
- Robots learn a job in a dayForecast · ~2029
- Useful humanoid for $10,000Forecast · ~2031
- Lights-out car factoryForecast · ~2032
- Robots that feel all overForecast · ~2033
- Artificial muscles in robotsForecast · ~2034
- Robots that repair robotsForecast · ~2035
- Robot plumbers and electriciansForecast · ~2036
- Robot workers on the MoonForecast · ~2037
- Most robots designed by AIForecast · ~2038
- Billions of humanoid robotsForecast · ~2044
- Insect-sized robot swarmsForecast · ~2046
- Shape-changing modular robotsForecast · ~2048
- Robot workshops reproduce their toolchainForecast · ~2049
- Robot-run industryForecast · ~2050
- Robots with living muscleForecast · ~2055
- Lifelike androidsForecast · ~2058
- Robots made by robots from oreForecast · ~2061
- Robot crews build megastructuresForecast · ~2065
- Robots that heal like skinForecast · ~2068
- Robots that tend wild natureForecast · ~2072
- Self-replicating factoriesForecast · ~2073
- Robots that evolve their bodiesForecast · ~2075
- One robot for any physical jobForecast · ~2084
- Robots outnumber people in spaceForecast · ~2088
- Physical labour becomes optionalForecast · ~2096
Artificial Intelligence 51
- Turing test proposedRecorded · 1950
- Artificial intelligence namedRecorded · 1956
- PerceptronRecorded · 1958
- Expert systemsRecorded · 1965
- ELIZA chatbotRecorded · 1966
- Contract Net task biddingRecorded · 1980
- BackpropagationRecorded · 1986
- Convolutional neural netRecorded · 1989
- Agent communication languagesRecorded · 1993
- Deep Blue beats KasparovRecorded · 1997
- Self-driving car challengeRecorded · 2005
- ImageNet datasetRecorded · 2009
- Deep learning breakthroughRecorded · 2012
- AlphaGoRecorded · 2016
- Transformer architectureRecorded · 2017
- Sim-to-real robot learningRecorded · 2019
- AlphaFoldRecorded · 2020
- GPT-3 few-shot language modelRecorded · 2020
- AI chat assistantsRecorded · 2022
- Generative image modelsRecorded · 2022
- Multi-agent LLM frameworksRecorded · 2023
- Robot foundation modelsRecorded · 2023
- Reasoning modelsRecorded · 2024
- AI research partnersRecorded · 2025
- Autonomous AI agentsRecorded · 2025
- Lead agents with parallel subagentsRecorded · 2025
- AI agent swarmsRecorded · 2026
- AI societiesRecorded · 2026
- Agent swarms run whole projectsForecast · ~2027
- World models that train robotsForecast · ~2027
- AI research run by agent swarmsForecast · ~2028
- Expert-level general AIForecast · ~2028
- AI companions with reliable emotional contextForecast · ~2029
- Million-agent swarmsForecast · ~2030
- Self-evolving agent organisationsForecast · ~2031
- Controlled recursive self-improvementForecast · ~2032
- Superhuman AI scientistsForecast · ~2032
- Personal AGI within reach of almost everyoneForecast · ~2035
- Billion-agent swarmsForecast · ~2042
- AI research civilisationsForecast · ~2045
- Autonomous deep-space explorersForecast · ~2045
- Swarm mindsForecast · ~2047
- Superhuman moral reasoningForecast · ~2056
- Human-AI cognitive mergingForecast · ~2070
- Solar-system research networkForecast · ~2070
- Robot-built settlementsForecast · ~2083
- Collective human-AI mindsForecast · ~2084
- AI science beyond human graspForecast · ~2092
- Self-replicating space probesForecast · ~2094
- Stable human-AI coexistenceForecast · ~2096
- AI interstellar surveyForecast · ~2099
Personal Devices 343
- Snapshot box cameraRecorded · 1900
- Electric hearing aidRecorded · 1902
- Petrol lawn mowerRecorded · 1902
- Electric vacuum cleanerRecorded · 1908
- Electric washing machineRecorded · 1908
- Electric toasterRecorded · 1909
- Electric cookerRecorded · 1910
- Home refrigeratorRecorded · 1914
- Motor scooterRecorded · 1915
- Electric wall clockRecorded · 1916
- Stand mixerRecorded · 1919
- Handheld hair dryerRecorded · 1920
- Home radio setRecorded · 1920
- Electric record playerRecorded · 1925
- Electric steam ironRecorded · 1926
- Waterproof wristwatchRecorded · 1926
- Home TV setRecorded · 1928
- Electric dishwasherRecorded · 1929
- Car radioRecorded · 1930
- Electric razorRecorded · 1931
- Window air conditionerRecorded · 1932
- Garbage disposalRecorded · 1935
- 35mm reflex cameraRecorded · 1936
- Baby monitorRecorded · 1937
- Kitchen blenderRecorded · 1937
- Clothes dryerRecorded · 1938
- Home freezerRecorded · 1940
- Home power drillRecorded · 1946
- Home tape recorderRecorded · 1946
- Instant cameraRecorded · 1948
- TV remote controlRecorded · 1950
- Colour TV setRecorded · 1954
- Electric toothbrushRecorded · 1954
- Transistor radioRecorded · 1954
- Automatic electric kettleRecorded · 1955
- Automatic rice cookerRecorded · 1955
- Microwave ovenRecorded · 1955
- Asthma inhalerRecorded · 1956
- Electric can openerRecorded · 1956
- Battery wristwatchRecorded · 1957
- CB radioRecorded · 1958
- Stereo headphonesRecorded · 1958
- Answering machineRecorded · 1960
- Portable TVRecorded · 1960
- Cordless power drillRecorded · 1961
- Radio pagerRecorded · 1962
- Water flosserRecorded · 1962
- Cartridge cameraRecorded · 1963
- 8-track car stereoRecorded · 1965
- Super 8 movie cameraRecorded · 1965
- Folding baby buggyRecorded · 1967
- Home treadmillRecorded · 1968
- Home smoke detectorRecorded · 1969
- Quartz watchRecorded · 1969
- Pocket calculatorRecorded · 1970
- Home pregnancy testRecorded · 1971
- Slow cookerRecorded · 1971
- String trimmerRecorded · 1971
- Digital watchRecorded · 1972
- Drip coffee makerRecorded · 1972
- Home video gamesRecorded · 1972
- Induction hobRecorded · 1973
- Personal computerRecorded · 1975
- Handheld gameRecorded · 1976
- VHS home videoRecorded · 1976
- Autofocus compact cameraRecorded · 1977
- LaserDisc playerRecorded · 1978
- Cordless handheld vacuumRecorded · 1979
- Sony WalkmanRecorded · 1979
- Cordless phoneRecorded · 1980
- Energy-saving bulbRecorded · 1980
- Home electronic keyboardRecorded · 1980
- Home glucose meterRecorded · 1981
- Home modemRecorded · 1981
- Laptop computerRecorded · 1982
- Wireless heart-rate monitorRecorded · 1982
- Bagless cyclone vacuumRecorded · 1983
- Handheld mobile phoneRecorded · 1983
- Video camcorderRecorded · 1983
- Inkjet printerRecorded · 1984
- Pocket organiserRecorded · 1984
- Portable CD playerRecorded · 1984
- Graphing calculatorRecorded · 1985
- Insulin penRecorded · 1985
- Bread machineRecorded · 1986
- Handheld GPS receiverRecorded · 1989
- Noise-cancelling headphonesRecorded · 1989
- Pocket digital cameraRecorded · 1990
- Pedal-assist e-bikeRecorded · 1993
- Body-fat scaleRecorded · 1994
- SmartphoneRecorded · 1994
- Consumer VR headsetRecorded · 1995
- Robot lawn mowerRecorded · 1995
- DVD playerRecorded · 1996
- Electric kick scooterRecorded · 1996
- E-readerRecorded · 1998
- Pocket MP3 playerRecorded · 1998
- Portable sat-navRecorded · 1998
- Camera phoneRecorded · 1999
- Digital video recorderRecorded · 1999
- Personal water filterRecorded · 1999
- Robot petRecorded · 1999
- Wi-Fi laptopRecorded · 1999
- Bluetooth phone earpieceRecorded · 2000
- Home robotRecorded · 2001
- Touchscreen tabletRecorded · 2002
- Fingerprint-unlocked phoneRecorded · 2003
- Motion-controlled games consoleRecorded · 2003
- Satellite SOS in your pocketRecorded · 2003
- Self-balancing scooterRecorded · 2003
- SmartwatchRecorded · 2004
- Sensor-woven everyday clothesRecorded · 2005
- Action cameraRecorded · 2006
- Personal mini-submarineRecorded · 2006
- Mail-in genome testRecorded · 2007
- Streaming TV stickRecorded · 2007
- Home laser hair removalRecorded · 2008
- Desktop 3D printerRecorded · 2009
- Fitness trackerRecorded · 2009
- Health-scanning toiletRecorded · 2009
- Consumer dronesRecorded · 2010
- Autofocus glassesRecorded · 2011
- Everyday wearable airbagsRecorded · 2011
- Home batteryRecorded · 2011
- Learning thermostatRecorded · 2011
- Solar roof tilesRecorded · 2011
- Home rapid infection testsRecorded · 2012
- Pocket and wrist ECGRecorded · 2013
- Smart video doorbellRecorded · 2013
- Artificial sunlight skylightRecorded · 2014
- Item-finder tagRecorded · 2014
- Over-the-counter glucose sensorRecorded · 2014
- Plug-in balcony solarRecorded · 2015
- Smart speakerRecorded · 2015
- True wireless earbudsRecorded · 2015
- Biological-age test kitRecorded · 2016
- Floor that lets you walk forever in VRRecorded · 2016
- Self-flying camera droneRecorded · 2016
- Smart ringRecorded · 2016
- Automated insulin pumpRecorded · 2017
- Home brain-stimulation headsetRecorded · 2017
- Household air-water harvestersRecorded · 2017
- New human sensesRecorded · 2017
- Foldable phoneRecorded · 2018
- Full-body haptic suitRecorded · 2018
- Retinal projection displaysRecorded · 2018
- Self-emptying robot vacuumRecorded · 2018
- Everyday AR glassesRecorded · 2019
- Home clothes makerRecorded · 2019
- Robot that carries your bagsRecorded · 2019
- Cuffless blood-pressure watchRecorded · 2020
- Kitchen wall farmRecorded · 2020
- Robot avatar sightseeingRecorded · 2020
- Sixth-sense wristbandsRecorded · 2020
- AI camera glassesRecorded · 2021
- Eyes-off self-driving carRecorded · 2021
- Hearing-aid earbudsRecorded · 2022
- Mixed-reality headsetRecorded · 2022
- Phone with on-device AIRecorded · 2023
- Shoes that double your walking speedRecorded · 2023
- Brain-sensing earbudsRecorded · 2024
- Continuous health wearablesRecorded · 2024
- Flavour-changing cutleryRecorded · 2024
- Powered exosuitsRecorded · 2024
- Screenless AI companionRecorded · 2024
- Tri-fold phoneRecorded · 2024
- AI glasses with a built-in screenRecorded · 2025
- Appliances with built-in batteriesRecorded · 2025
- Countertop cooking robotRecorded · 2025
- Germ-killing room lightsRecorded · 2025
- Personal AI server at homeRecorded · 2025
- Personal one-seat electric aircraftRecorded · 2025
- Robot vacuum with a tidying armRecorded · 2025
- Rollable-screen phones and laptopsRecorded · 2025
- Conversational home assistantRecorded · 2026
- E-bike that watches the trafficRecorded · 2026
- Home humanoids demonstrate selected choresRecorded · 2026
- Print-what-you-describe 3D printerRecorded · 2026
- AI earpiece that seesForecast · ~2027
- Earbuds that edit what you hearForecast · ~2027
- Hardware key for your AI agentsForecast · ~2027
- Robot guide for blind peopleForecast · ~2027
- Phone run by its AI agentForecast · ~2028
- Drone delivery mailboxForecast · ~2029
- Globe holding an evolving worldForecast · ~2029
- Sink-side dish robotForecast · ~2029
- Glasses that replace the phoneForecast · ~2030
- Kitchen food fabricatorForecast · ~2030
- Needle-free glucose watchForecast · ~2030
- Private general AI on your own deviceForecast · ~2031
- Robot gardenerForecast · ~2031
- Guided dreamingForecast · ~2032
- Mosquito-zapping garden laserForecast · ~2032
- Solid-state cooling appliancesForecast · ~2032
- Ultrasound mood headsetForecast · ~2032
- AI home clinic kitForecast · ~2033
- Pocket guardian droneForecast · ~2033
- Wearable artificial kidneyForecast · ~2033
- AR contact lensesForecast · ~2034
- Noise-cancelling windowsForecast · ~2035
- Wearable extra limbsForecast · ~2035
- Home germ sequencerForecast · ~2036
- Skill-teaching muscle sleevesForecast · ~2040
- Superintelligence at homeForecast · ~2040
- Supervised robot childcare helperForecast · ~2040
- Thought-typing earbudsForecast · ~2040
- Walk-in memory cameraForecast · ~2040
- Family DNA archiveForecast · ~2042
- Elective brain implantForecast · ~2044
- Self-driving bike-lane podForecast · ~2044
- Devices built to last decadesForecast · ~2045
- Home printer for working gadgetsForecast · ~2045
- Hovering umbrella droneForecast · ~2045
- Huggable robot stand-inForecast · ~2045
- Live biological-age monitoringForecast · ~2045
- Self-driving sleeper cabinForecast · ~2045
- Sheets of smart paperForecast · ~2045
- Skin-rejuvenation maskForecast · ~2045
- Countertop meat growerForecast · ~2046
- Home body scannerForecast · ~2046
- Solar windows and battery wallsForecast · ~2046
- Swallowable check-up robotForecast · ~2046
- Handheld skin printerForecast · ~2047
- Home medicine printerForecast · ~2047
- Moonwalks by robot avatarForecast · ~2048
- Permanent earbud implantForecast · ~2048
- Lenses that edit what you seeForecast · ~2049
- Bed that nurses you at homeForecast · ~2050
- Electric flight suitForecast · ~2050
- Flying family carForecast · ~2050
- Gecko climbing glovesForecast · ~2050
- Home robot for minor surgeryForecast · ~2050
- Smart lens implantForecast · ~2050
- Any screen becomes your computerForecast · ~2052
- Rideable robot mountForecast · ~2052
- Bottle that fills itself from the airForecast · ~2053
- Implanted SOS beaconForecast · ~2054
- Kitchen bin that digests plasticForecast · ~2054
- Tooth-repair mouthguardForecast · ~2054
- True holographic glassesForecast · ~2054
- Personal climate clothingForecast · ~2055
- Kitchen microbiome brewerForecast · ~2056
- Home robot science labForecast · ~2057
- Off-grid home water plantForecast · ~2057
- Jet-lag reset bandForecast · ~2058
- Light-up skin tattoosForecast · ~2058
- Cable-free home powerForecast · ~2059
- Swim-anywhere breathing maskForecast · ~2059
- Glowing houseplant lampsForecast · ~2060
- Cleaning microbot swarmForecast · ~2061
- Coat that hides you from camerasForecast · ~2061
- Jewellery-sized computerForecast · ~2061
- Sleep-compression headsetForecast · ~2061
- Furniture that assembles itselfForecast · ~2062
- Personal privacy beaconForecast · ~2062
- Bee-sized camera swarmForecast · ~2063
- Home gene-medicine printerForecast · ~2063
- Home you run by thoughtForecast · ~2064
- Fold-away emergency space suitForecast · ~2065
- Implant care hubForecast · ~2065
- Vision-enhancing implantsForecast · ~2065
- Baby-mind monitorForecast · ~2066
- Injectable neural meshForecast · ~2066
- Swallowable repair capsuleForecast · ~2066
- Rejuvenation pulse wearableForecast · ~2067
- Gene-switch hair colour kitForecast · ~2068
- Mind's-eye cameraForecast · ~2068
- Self-upgrading home robotsForecast · ~2068
- Thought-flown bird droneForecast · ~2069
- Backyard climate domeForecast · ~2070
- Pet-rejuvenation collarForecast · ~2070
- Superconducting hoverboardForecast · ~2070
- Universal antidote penForecast · ~2070
- Volume knobs for your sensesForecast · ~2070
- Kitchen air-to-protein makerForecast · ~2071
- Limb-regrowth sleeveForecast · ~2071
- Blood-cleaning implantForecast · ~2072
- Programmable living skinForecast · ~2072
- Shoes that grow with your childForecast · ~2072
- Skin microbes that make your perfumeForecast · ~2072
- Superconducting home batteryForecast · ~2072
- Smell cameraForecast · ~2073
- Balcony carbon harvesterForecast · ~2074
- Family spacecraftForecast · ~2074
- Kitchen delivery tubeForecast · ~2075
- Pocket hologram screenForecast · ~2075
- Superintelligence you wearForecast · ~2075
- Pocket molecule scannerForecast · ~2076
- Atom-by-atom repair penForecast · ~2077
- Home replicatorForecast · ~2077
- Instant sober-up bandForecast · ~2077
- Tooth-cleaning mouth nanobotsForecast · ~2077
- Uncopyable quantum keyringForecast · ~2077
- Home cell-therapy incubatorForecast · ~2078
- Overnight body-repair podForecast · ~2078
- Paint-on computersForecast · ~2078
- Pocket shelterForecast · ~2078
- Toys that build themselvesForecast · ~2078
- Boots that turn into skis and finsForecast · ~2079
- Living computer you feed with sugarForecast · ~2079
- Shape-shifting home robotForecast · ~2079
- Deep-sea walking suitForecast · ~2080
- Visual-cortex displayForecast · ~2080
- Atom-sorting home recyclerForecast · ~2082
- Family window to the Moon and MarsForecast · ~2082
- Home emergency stasis kitForecast · ~2082
- Nanobot service dockForecast · ~2082
- Shape-shifting pocket deviceForecast · ~2082
- Waterless nanobot showerForecast · ~2082
- Flying eye linked to your brainForecast · ~2083
- Home chemistry kitsForecast · ~2083
- Home object growerForecast · ~2083
- Mirror that previews your future healthForecast · ~2083
- Shape-shifting first-aid kitForecast · ~2083
- Bone-mending wandForecast · ~2084
- Hibernation sleeping bagForecast · ~2084
- Body-reshaping nanobotsForecast · ~2085
- Home artificial wombForecast · ~2085
- Low-gravity health kitForecast · ~2086
- Shape-shifting personal vehicleForecast · ~2086
- Slow-motion reflex implantForecast · ~2086
- Family Mars roverForecast · ~2087
- Gadgets that regrow their own partsForecast · ~2088
- Mailbox that sends real objectsForecast · ~2088
- Nanobot brain linkForecast · ~2088
- Oxygen-carrying nanobotsForecast · ~2088
- Spinning gravity bedForecast · ~2088
- Bedside mind-backup vaultForecast · ~2089
- Care bed for virtual-world divesForecast · ~2089
- Home gene-upgrade stationForecast · ~2090
- Lunar flying wingsForecast · ~2090
- Molecular meal synthesiserForecast · ~2090
- Home spare-tissue printerForecast · ~2091
- Suit for skydiving from orbitForecast · ~2091
- Utility-fog umbrellaForecast · ~2091
- Grown interface organForecast · ~2092
- Collar that shares your dog's sensesForecast · ~2093
- Designer pet hatcheryForecast · ~2093
- Utility-fog housekeeperForecast · ~2093
- Utility-fog crash cushionForecast · ~2094
- Home fusion cellForecast · ~2095
- Overnight repair cabinetForecast · ~2096
- Fusion camper that never refuelsForecast · ~2099
AI Safety & Governance 53
- Alignment problem namedRecorded · 1960
- Intelligence explosion ideaRecorded · 1965
- First AI alignment instituteRecorded · 2000
- Adversarial examplesRecorded · 2013
- Bostrom's SuperintelligenceRecorded · 2014
- Concrete Problems in AI SafetyRecorded · 2016
- Asilomar AI PrinciplesRecorded · 2017
- Learning from human feedbackRecorded · 2017
- Algorithmic bias auditsRecorded · 2018
- First intergovernmental AI principlesRecorded · 2019
- Model cardsRecorded · 2019
- AI chip export controlsRecorded · 2022
- Constitutional AIRecorded · 2022
- AI watermarksRecorded · 2023
- Dangerous-capability evaluationsRecorded · 2023
- Features found inside AI modelsRecorded · 2023
- First AI Safety SummitRecorded · 2023
- Government AI safety institutesRecorded · 2023
- Responsible scaling policiesRecorded · 2023
- Alignment faking observedRecorded · 2024
- EU AI ActRecorded · 2024
- First binding AI treatyRecorded · 2024
- Runtime safety bounds for a learning flight controllerRecorded · 2024
- Circuit tracing in AI modelsRecorded · 2025
- First top-tier AI safeguardsRecorded · 2025
- Frontier AI transparency lawRecorded · 2025
- Auditable monitors for agent swarmsForecast · ~2027
- Location-checked AI chipsForecast · ~2028
- Automated alignment researchersForecast · ~2029
- Weak AI checks strong AIForecast · ~2029
- Liability rules for AI harmsForecast · ~2030
- Personal AI screening guardianForecast · ~2030
- AI mind readersForecast · ~2031
- Chips with built-in governanceForecast · ~2032
- Live audits of AI mindsForecast · ~2032
- Proof-carrying AIForecast · ~2032
- International AI agencyForecast · ~2033
- Verifiably aligned AIForecast · ~2035
- AI catastrophe insurance poolForecast · ~2041
- Provably correctable AIForecast · ~2042
- Watchdogs for agent economiesForecast · ~2042
- Society-level value learningForecast · ~2045
- AI welfare standardsForecast · ~2048
- Verified AI arms controlForecast · ~2050
- Aligned swarm mindsForecast · ~2059
- AI governance beyond EarthForecast · ~2068
- Consent rules for human-AI mergingForecast · ~2072
- Guards against value lock-inForecast · ~2077
- AI catastrophe risk judged lowForecast · ~2080
- Safety rules for emulated mindsForecast · ~2087
- Rules for self-replicating probesForecast · ~2088
- AI misuse sentinelsForecast · ~2091
- Long-term AI stewardship charterForecast · ~2098
Computing 46
- Turing machineRecorded · 1936
- Programmable computerRecorded · 1941
- ENIACRecorded · 1945
- Stored-program computerRecorded · 1948
- High-level programmingRecorded · 1957
- Time-sharingRecorded · 1961
- IBM System/360Recorded · 1964
- SupercomputerRecorded · 1964
- Virtual machinesRecorded · 1967
- UNIX and CRecorded · 1971
- Public-key cryptographyRecorded · 1976
- Open-source LinuxRecorded · 1991
- DNA computingRecorded · 1994
- First quantum logic gateRecorded · 1995
- Link-based web searchRecorded · 1998
- Cloud computingRecorded · 2006
- BlockchainRecorded · 2009
- Neuromorphic computingRecorded · 2014
- Quantum supremacy demoRecorded · 2019
- Exascale supercomputerRecorded · 2022
- AI supercomputer campusesRecorded · 2024
- Post-quantum encryption standardsRecorded · 2024
- Solar-powered AI compute in orbitRecorded · 2025
- Gigawatt AI campusesForecast · ~2027
- First useful quantum advantageForecast · ~2028
- Biological computingForecast · ~2030
- Error-corrected quantum computerForecast · ~2030
- Photonic AI acceleratorsForecast · ~2030
- Whole-Earth simulationForecast · ~2031
- Auditable multi-provider compute exchangeForecast · ~2032
- Brain-scale neuromorphic computersForecast · ~2032
- Thousands of logical qubitsForecast · ~2035
- Zettascale supercomputersForecast · ~2035
- Quantum chemistry advantageForecast · ~2037
- Orbital data centresForecast · ~2038
- Million-qubit quantum computersForecast · ~2043
- Everyday quantum cloudForecast · ~2045
- DNA computers in medicineForecast · ~2058
- Near-zero-energy computingForecast · ~2058
- Billion-qubit quantum computersForecast · ~2074
- Photonic data centresForecast · ~2074
- Quantum-native AIForecast · ~2077
- Molecular-scale computersForecast · ~2084
- Lunar computing centresForecast · ~2088
- Computing at physical limitsForecast · ~2094
- Sun-powered computing ringForecast · ~2096
Software & Internet Services 36
- CompilerRecorded · 1952
- Relational databaseRecorded · 1970
- Network emailRecorded · 1971
- Free software movementRecorded · 1983
- Graphical web browserRecorded · 1993
- Software as a serviceRecorded · 1999
- WikipediaRecorded · 2001
- Git and GitHubRecorded · 2005
- App storesRecorded · 2008
- Software containersRecorded · 2013
- AI coding assistantsRecorded · 2021
- Agent-to-agent protocolRecorded · 2025
- Open standards for AI agentsRecorded · 2025
- AI writes most new codeRecorded · 2026
- Software by descriptionForecast · ~2027
- AI migrates legacy systemsForecast · ~2028
- Verified-by-default softwareForecast · ~2028
- Agent operating systemsForecast · ~2029
- Lifelong digital companionsForecast · ~2030
- Self-maintaining softwareForecast · ~2030
- Continuously self-evolving softwareForecast · ~2031
- Software that builds itself from goalsForecast · ~2032
- Web of agentsForecast · ~2032
- Apps for the brainForecast · ~2034
- Operating systems written by AIForecast · ~2045
- Digital twins of institutionsForecast · ~2048
- Software failures become rareForecast · ~2058
- Simulation-first engineeringForecast · ~2062
- All critical code proven correctForecast · ~2075
- Planetary operating systemForecast · ~2079
- Physics-exact virtual worldsForecast · ~2086
- Light-delay softwareForecast · ~2088
- Thought-driven computingForecast · ~2090
- Apps inside emulated mindsForecast · ~2092
- Software compiled from thoughtForecast · ~2096
- Software built for centuriesForecast · ~2097
Gaming & Virtual Worlds 49
- Tennis for TwoRecorded · 1958
- Spacewar!Recorded · 1962
- Coin-op arcade video gameRecorded · 1971
- Swappable game cartridgesRecorded · 1976
- Multi-user online worlds (MUD)Recorded · 1978
- Famicom and NES consoleRecorded · 1983
- 3D graphics cards for gamesRecorded · 1996
- Massively multiplayer online gameRecorded · 1996
- Real-time 3D game enginesRecorded · 1996
- Games on mobile phonesRecorded · 1997
- Free-to-play with in-game purchasesRecorded · 1999
- Digital game store (Steam)Recorded · 2003
- Virtual world with a real economyRecorded · 2003
- Player-made game platformsRecorded · 2006
- Sandbox building gameRecorded · 2009
- Cloud game streamingRecorded · 2010
- Location-based AR gameRecorded · 2016
- Infinite game worldsRecorded · 2019
- Live concerts inside gamesRecorded · 2019
- AI-driven game charactersRecorded · 2025
- Anyone builds worldsRecorded · 2025
- Playable AI world modelsRecorded · 2026
- Glasses-sized VR headsetsForecast · ~2028
- Hit games made by one person with AIForecast · ~2028
- Games with no game engineForecast · ~2029
- Games drawn by neural networksForecast · ~2030
- Personal universesForecast · ~2030
- AI agents as fellow playersForecast · ~2031
- Consoles become streaming-onlyForecast · ~2032
- Millions earn a living in game worldsForecast · ~2034
- Playing games by thoughtForecast · ~2036
- AI invents new game genresForecast · ~2040
- Courts and councils inside worldsForecast · ~2042
- Worlds of evolving AI civilisationsForecast · ~2045
- Holodeck arcadesForecast · ~2046
- Full-sensory virtual realityForecast · ~2048
- Virtual economies the size of nationsForecast · ~2048
- Legal protection for game charactersForecast · ~2052
- A billion people in one worldForecast · ~2055
- Most leisure in virtual worldsForecast · ~2062
- Persistent virtual worldsForecast · ~2065
- Hours inside, minutes outsideForecast · ~2068
- Worlds that evolve for centuriesForecast · ~2069
- Game characters step into the worldForecast · ~2075
- Simulated universes with mindsForecast · ~2075
- Shared worlds across the solar systemForecast · ~2080
- Worlds with physics you can feelForecast · ~2082
- Shape-shifting toys and game piecesForecast · ~2085
- Worlds as real as realityForecast · ~2093
Interfaces & HCI 29
- Light penRecorded · 1955
- SketchpadRecorded · 1963
- Computer mouseRecorded · 1964
- TouchscreenRecorded · 1965
- Head-mounted displayRecorded · 1968
- Graphical user interfaceRecorded · 1973
- Force-feedback hapticsRecorded · 1994
- Interfaces that sense emotionRecorded · 2009
- Body-tracking cameraRecorded · 2010
- Eye-and-hand computingRecorded · 2024
- Generated interfacesRecorded · 2025
- Neural wristbandRecorded · 2025
- Agents as the main interfaceForecast · ~2027
- Silent speech inputForecast · ~2028
- Touchable hologramsForecast · ~2030
- Ultrasound brain interfacesForecast · ~2034
- Full-hand haptic glovesForecast · ~2035
- Non-invasive thought typingForecast · ~2036
- Computing without screensForecast · ~2042
- Brain interfaces as common as phonesForecast · ~2058
- Thought-controlled robot swarmsForecast · ~2066
- Computing while asleepForecast · ~2070
- The body as interfaceForecast · ~2075
- Lucid dream interfacesForecast · ~2082
- Seamless mind-AI interfaceForecast · ~2088
- Robot bodies as your ownForecast · ~2092
- Full sensory telepresenceForecast · ~2096
- One mind, many bodiesForecast · ~2097
- The interface disappearsForecast · ~2099
Human Augmentation 41
- Muscle-powered Sauerbruch armRecorded · 1916
- Night-vision scopeRecorded · 1945
- Myoelectric prosthetic handRecorded · 1964
- Cochlear implantRecorded · 1978
- Carbon-fibre running footRecorded · 1984
- Bone-anchored artificial limbRecorded · 1990
- Microprocessor kneeRecorded · 1997
- Microchip implanted in a personRecorded · 1998
- Targeted muscle reinnervationRecorded · 2002
- Brain implant moves a cursorRecorded · 2004
- Bionic hand with moving fingersRecorded · 2007
- Nerve-signal exoskeletonRecorded · 2008
- Retinal implant for the blindRecorded · 2011
- Walking exoskeletonRecorded · 2014
- Exoskeleton vests at workRecorded · 2017
- Nerve-controlled bionic legRecorded · 2024
- Contact lenses that see infraredRecorded · 2025
- Bionic eyeRecorded · 2026
- Bone-anchored bionic arm with nervesForecast · ~2029
- Bionic hands for under $1,000Forecast · ~2030
- Nerve-driven bionic legs on saleForecast · ~2031
- Full-body strength exoskeletonsForecast · ~2032
- Prosthetics with touchForecast · ~2032
- Brain implant trials in healthy peopleForecast · ~2034
- Night-vision contact lensesForecast · ~2036
- Bionic arm as good as a real oneForecast · ~2042
- Augmented astronautsForecast · ~2045
- Implants powered by the bodyForecast · ~2046
- Synthetic muscle implantsForecast · ~2049
- High-street augmentation clinicsForecast · ~2052
- Exosuits as common as bicyclesForecast · ~2055
- Breath-holding blood nanobotsForecast · ~2058
- Super-capable prostheticsForecast · ~2066
- Implants that heal with youForecast · ~2070
- Artificial gills for diversForecast · ~2072
- Radiation-hardened bodiesForecast · ~2072
- Cognitive enhancement implantsForecast · ~2078
- Most people augmentedForecast · ~2085
- Full robotic bodyForecast · ~2087
- Brain-wired new sensesForecast · ~2092
- Bodies redesigned at willForecast · ~2095
Language & Translation 27
- First speech recogniserRecorded · 1952
- Machine translation demoRecorded · 1954
- Messages for alien mindsRecorded · 1972
- Omni-font OCRRecorded · 1974
- Dictation softwareRecorded · 1990
- Online statistical translationRecorded · 2006
- Neural machine translationRecorded · 2016
- Neural speech synthesisRecorded · 2016
- Near-human speech recognitionRecorded · 2022
- AI-preserved languagesRecorded · 2023
- Plant signalling decodedRecorded · 2023
- Live voice translationRecorded · 2024
- Universal real-time translationForecast · ~2027
- Extinct languages revivedForecast · ~2028
- Translation for every written languageForecast · ~2028
- AI-originated literature and mythForecast · ~2029
- Sign-language AIForecast · ~2029
- Language barriers goneForecast · ~2055
- Universal decoder for unknown languagesForecast · ~2070
- Living archive of every dialectForecast · ~2072
- Human-AI hybrid languagesForecast · ~2075
- All ancient scripts readForecast · ~2078
- Thought-to-text for everyoneForecast · ~2080
- Shared neural languageForecast · ~2085
- Concept-level communicationForecast · ~2092
- Overnight fluency implantsForecast · ~2094
- Languages co-evolved with AIForecast · ~2096
Materials & Manufacturing 49
- DuraluminRecorded · 1906
- BakeliteRecorded · 1907
- SuperconductivityRecorded · 1911
- Moving assembly lineRecorded · 1913
- Stainless steelRecorded · 1913
- Single-crystal growthRecorded · 1916
- PolyethyleneRecorded · 1933
- NylonRecorded · 1935
- Lean manufacturingRecorded · 1950
- Numerical-control machiningRecorded · 1952
- Float glassRecorded · 1959
- Carbon-fibre compositesRecorded · 1963
- Computer-aided designRecorded · 1963
- KevlarRecorded · 1965
- 3D printingRecorded · 1984
- High-temperature superconductorsRecorded · 1986
- Carbon nanotubesRecorded · 1991
- Metal additive manufacturingRecorded · 1994
- MetamaterialsRecorded · 2000
- GrapheneRecorded · 2004
- 20-tesla HTS magnetRecorded · 2021
- Everyday metamaterialsRecorded · 2022
- AI-discovered materialsRecorded · 2023
- Orbital manufacturingRecorded · 2024
- Green steelForecast · ~2028
- Carbon-free aluminium smeltingForecast · ~2030
- High-entropy alloys in enginesForecast · ~2032
- Direct air capture at scaleForecast · ~2033
- Self-healing materialsForecast · ~2038
- Cheap bulk graphene and nanotubesForecast · ~2040
- Self-running materials foundriesForecast · ~2040
- Structures learn how to carry changing loadsForecast · ~2042
- Rare-earth-free super magnetsForecast · ~2045
- Molecular manufacturingForecast · ~2048
- Cheap aerogelsForecast · ~2051
- Materials 100× stronger than steelForecast · ~2055
- Shape-programmable materialsForecast · ~2060
- Transparent metalsForecast · ~2063
- Room-temperature superconductorForecast · ~2068
- Alloys only made in orbitForecast · ~2074
- Carbon-framework constructionForecast · ~2075
- Self-growing materialsForecast · ~2078
- Asteroid foundriesForecast · ~2080
- Lunar heavy industryForecast · ~2084
- Metallic hydrogenForecast · ~2084
- Space-elevator cableForecast · ~2089
- Lunar glass and metal supplyForecast · ~2093
- Rare elements made to orderForecast · ~2096
- Ultra-dense synthetic matterForecast · ~2097
Lab Automation & Research Tools 42
- Mass spectrographRecorded · 1913
- UltracentrifugeRecorded · 1924
- NMR spectroscopyRecorded · 1946
- HeLa, the first immortal human cellsRecorded · 1951
- Gel electrophoresisRecorded · 1955
- MicropipetteRecorded · 1957
- Flow cytometryRecorded · 1968
- Preprint serversRecorded · 1991
- Glowing protein tags (GFP)Recorded · 1994
- DNA microarrayRecorded · 1995
- Robot scientist AdamRecorded · 2009
- Organ on a chipRecorded · 2010
- Robot research stations on MarsRecorded · 2012
- Cloud labsRecorded · 2014
- Automated biofoundriesRecorded · 2015
- Scientific replication-market study publishedRecorded · 2015
- Mobile robot chemistRecorded · 2020
- AI designs and runs experimentsRecorded · 2023
- Orbital research factoriesRecorded · 2023
- AI-chosen research agendasRecorded · 2024
- Interoperable workflow evidence packagesRecorded · 2024
- AI peer reviewForecast · ~2028
- Robot labs run science end to endForecast · ~2028
- Organ-chip assay qualifies for drug decisionsForecast · ~2029
- Molecular movies inside cellsForecast · ~2030
- Automatic replicationForecast · ~2031
- Million-experiment materials searchesForecast · ~2032
- AI theories survive adversarial experimentsForecast · ~2033
- Cloud labs for every scientistForecast · ~2033
- Forecasting markets commission replication experimentsForecast · ~2033
- Virtual cell modelsForecast · ~2034
- Autonomous research institutesForecast · ~2036
- Body on a chipForecast · ~2038
- Far-side science parkForecast · ~2040
- Solar-system-scale experimentsForecast · ~2040
- Science output doubles every yearForecast · ~2048
- Atom-by-atom lab instrumentsForecast · ~2056
- All science machine-readableForecast · ~2062
- Most experiments run in simulationForecast · ~2072
- Labs that design better labsForecast · ~2078
- Machine-discovered physicsForecast · ~2085
- Universal experiment enginesForecast · ~2092
Biotech & Genetics 60
- Mendel rediscoveredRecorded · 1900
- X-ray crystallographyRecorded · 1912
- DNA double helixRecorded · 1953
- Genetic code crackedRecorded · 1961
- Recombinant DNARecorded · 1973
- Monoclonal antibodiesRecorded · 1975
- DNA sequencingRecorded · 1977
- Chemical DNA synthesisRecorded · 1981
- Recombinant insulinRecorded · 1982
- PCRRecorded · 1983
- Gene therapyRecorded · 1990
- Mammal cloningRecorded · 1996
- Computational protein designRecorded · 2003
- Human genome sequencedRecorded · 2003
- MetagenomicsRecorded · 2004
- Genome-wide association studiesRecorded · 2005
- Modified mRNARecorded · 2005
- Next-gen sequencingRecorded · 2005
- Induced stem cellsRecorded · 2006
- OrganoidsRecorded · 2009
- Single-cell sequencingRecorded · 2009
- Synthetic cellRecorded · 2010
- CRISPR gene editingRecorded · 2012
- CRISPR gene driveRecorded · 2015
- Synthetic nutrient locks for engineered cellsRecorded · 2015
- Base & prime editingRecorded · 2016
- Biomanufacturing at scaleRecorded · 2016
- Portable freeze-dried cell-free biomanufacturingRecorded · 2016
- Synthetic genomesRecorded · 2017
- Gene editing made for one patientRecorded · 2025
- VERVE-102 in-body cholesterol editing demonstratedRecorded · 2026
- AI-designed proteins in industryForecast · ~2027
- First in-body CRISPR drug approvedForecast · ~2027
- Genome sequencing at birthForecast · ~2030
- Epigenetic editing drugsForecast · ~2031
- RNA-editing medicine demonstrates clinical benefitForecast · ~2031
- Plants as living sensorsForecast · ~2032
- Human cell atlas completeForecast · ~2034
- Living computersForecast · ~2034
- Chromosome-scale DNA writingForecast · ~2035
- Life engineered for spaceForecast · ~2036
- Evolution-tested nutrient-locked remediationForecast · ~2037
- Engineered gut microbiomesForecast · ~2040
- Programmable living machinesForecast · ~2045
- De-extinct speciesForecast · ~2055
- Cell designed from scratchForecast · ~2056
- Cellular heredity using an XNA backboneForecast · ~2060
- Designed genomes for complex lifeForecast · ~2060
- Fully synthetic organismsForecast · ~2065
- Designed organellesForecast · ~2068
- Photosynthetic animalsForecast · ~2070
- Mammoth-like herds on the tundraForecast · ~2072
- Designed ecosystemsForecast · ~2075
- Synthetic human chromosomeForecast · ~2078
- Contained mirror-life researchForecast · ~2083
- Mars-terraforming microbesForecast · ~2085
- Redesigned photosynthesisForecast · ~2088
- A protocell reproduces without liquid waterForecast · ~2090
- Open-air Martian ecosystemsForecast · ~2091
- Library of designable lifeForecast · ~2096
Law & Forensics 33
- Fingerprint identificationRecorded · 1901
- PolygraphRecorded · 1921
- Forensic crime laboratoryRecorded · 1932
- BreathalyzerRecorded · 1954
- CCTV policingRecorded · 1968
- DNA fingerprintingRecorded · 1984
- National DNA databaseRecorded · 1995
- Face recognition on CCTVRecorded · 1998
- Brain-scan evidence debatesRecorded · 2008
- Laws written as codeRecorded · 2011
- Police body camerasRecorded · 2014
- Property law for the Moon and asteroidsRecorded · 2015
- Genetic genealogy solves cold casesRecorded · 2018
- AI passes the bar examRecorded · 2023
- AI-assisted courtsRecorded · 2024
- AI arbitratorRecorded · 2025
- Rapid DNA at crime scenesRecorded · 2025
- AI drafts most contractsForecast · ~2027
- Deepfake forensics in courtForecast · ~2027
- Free legal advice for everyoneForecast · ~2028
- Rules for AI evidence in courtForecast · ~2028
- Automated small-claims justiceForecast · ~2033
- Courts and charters for agentsForecast · ~2038
- AI judges with binding rulingsForecast · ~2040
- Molecular crime-scene reconstructionForecast · ~2050
- First lunar tribunalForecast · ~2066
- Treatment instead of prisonForecast · ~2072
- AI systems testify in courtForecast · ~2075
- Crime nearly vanishes in rich citiesForecast · ~2081
- Memory readouts as evidenceForecast · ~2085
- Courts for digital mindsForecast · ~2092
- Inheritance law for emulated mindsForecast · ~2096
- Law across light-minutesForecast · ~2096
Medicine 55
- Blood groupsRecorded · 1901
- ElectrocardiogramRecorded · 1903
- Insulin therapyRecorded · 1922
- PenicillinRecorded · 1928
- Organ transplantRecorded · 1954
- Polio vaccineRecorded · 1955
- Medical ultrasoundRecorded · 1958
- Oral contraceptiveRecorded · 1960
- CT scannerRecorded · 1971
- PET scannerRecorded · 1974
- MRI scannerRecorded · 1977
- StatinsRecorded · 1987
- HIV combination therapyRecorded · 1996
- Continuous glucose monitorRecorded · 1999
- CAR-T cell therapyRecorded · 2017
- Engineered-phage patient treatment reportRecorded · 2019
- mRNA vaccinesRecorded · 2020
- GLP-1 obesity drugsRecorded · 2021
- First CRISPR therapyRecorded · 2023
- Wireless brain implantRecorded · 2024
- Pig kidney as a bridge to transplantRecorded · 2025
- Stem-cell-derived cell therapyRecorded · 2025
- Computationally designed drug reaches FDA reviewRecorded · 2026
- Heart muscle regrownRecorded · 2026
- Personal cancer vaccine: melanoma Phase 3 benefit reportedRecorded · 2026
- Blood test for many cancersForecast · ~2027
- Zasocitinib wins FDA approvalForecast · ~2027
- AI reads every screening scanForecast · ~2028
- Stem-cell islets for type 1 diabetesForecast · ~2028
- Immune reset for autoimmune diseaseForecast · ~2029
- CAR-T made inside the bodyForecast · ~2032
- Pig-organ transplantsForecast · ~2032
- BCIs restore speech and movementForecast · ~2033
- Clinically validated phage-matching platformForecast · ~2033
- Free AI physicians for everyoneForecast · ~2033
- Closed-loop bioelectric wound treatmentForecast · ~2034
- Personal medical digital twinForecast · ~2035
- In-silico clinical trialsForecast · ~2040
- Reversible metabolic suppression in humansForecast · ~2040
- Bioprinted organsForecast · ~2042
- Regrown teethForecast · ~2051
- Organs on demandForecast · ~2055
- In-body organ regenerationForecast · ~2057
- Most cancers curableForecast · ~2059
- Human organs grown in pigsForecast · ~2062
- Most infectious disease eliminatedForecast · ~2065
- Cancer caught at a few hundred cellsForecast · ~2068
- Cancer becomes rareForecast · ~2070
- Brain injury repairForecast · ~2071
- Nanorobotic medicineForecast · ~2074
- A body that reports on itselfForecast · ~2078
- Reversible suspended animationForecast · ~2080
- Medicine for space settlersForecast · ~2083
- Body backupsForecast · ~2087
- Nanobot immune systemForecast · ~2091
Surgery & Medical Devices 53
- Sewing blood vessels togetherRecorded · 1902
- ElectrosurgeryRecorded · 1926
- Iron lungRecorded · 1928
- Heart catheterRecorded · 1929
- Intravenous anaesthesiaRecorded · 1934
- Kidney dialysisRecorded · 1943
- Heart-lung machineRecorded · 1953
- Intensive care unitRecorded · 1953
- Implantable pacemakerRecorded · 1958
- Mechanical heart valveRecorded · 1960
- Total hip replacementRecorded · 1962
- Titanium dental implantRecorded · 1965
- Heart transplantRecorded · 1967
- Pulse oximeterRecorded · 1975
- Balloon angioplastyRecorded · 1977
- Implantable defibrillatorRecorded · 1980
- Artificial heartRecorded · 1982
- Keyhole gallbladder surgeryRecorded · 1985
- Coronary stentRecorded · 1986
- LASIK eye surgeryRecorded · 1990
- Robotic surgeryRecorded · 2000
- Camera pillRecorded · 2001
- Transatlantic remote surgeryRecorded · 2001
- Valve replaced through a catheterRecorded · 2002
- Pig heart in a living patientRecorded · 2022
- Robot does keyhole surgery aloneRecorded · 2022
- Incisionless sound-wave surgeryRecorded · 2023
- Routine long-distance robot surgeryForecast · ~2027
- AI-run anaesthesiaForecast · ~2029
- Permanent artificial heartForecast · ~2030
- Robot dentists approvedForecast · ~2030
- Autonomous surgical robotsForecast · ~2031
- Implants that dissolve when doneForecast · ~2031
- Magnetic microrobots in the bodyForecast · ~2034
- Cold suspension for traumaForecast · ~2035
- Implantable artificial kidneyForecast · ~2036
- Most tumours treated without cutsForecast · ~2040
- Surgery on the MoonForecast · ~2042
- Robots do most operationsForecast · ~2043
- Surgery without going underForecast · ~2046
- Artificial heart for lifeForecast · ~2048
- Joints regrown not replacedForecast · ~2052
- Scarless healing after surgeryForecast · ~2056
- Surgery on single cellsForecast · ~2058
- Neuron-precise brain surgeryForecast · ~2064
- Organs printed during surgeryForecast · ~2066
- Resident micro-surgeonsForecast · ~2068
- The end of open surgeryForecast · ~2074
- Robot surgeons for starshipsForecast · ~2076
- Surgery across planetsForecast · ~2078
- Few deaths from injuryForecast · ~2081
- Routine bionic organsForecast · ~2084
- Whole-body replacementForecast · ~2090
Pharmaceuticals 41
- First targeted drugRecorded · 1910
- Sulfa drugsRecorded · 1935
- StreptomycinRecorded · 1943
- Cancer chemotherapyRecorded · 1946
- Randomised controlled trialRecorded · 1948
- Beta blockersRecorded · 1964
- Anti-rejection drug ciclosporinRecorded · 1983
- Year-long drug implantsRecorded · 1983
- High-throughput screeningRecorded · 1990
- Targeted cancer pillRecorded · 2001
- Checkpoint immunotherapyRecorded · 2011
- Hepatitis C cureRecorded · 2013
- 3D-printed pillRecorded · 2015
- AI finds a new antibioticRecorded · 2020
- Drugs made inside the bodyRecorded · 2022
- Alzheimer's-slowing antibodiesRecorded · 2023
- GLP-1 weight-loss pillsRecorded · 2025
- Twice-yearly HIV preventionRecorded · 2025
- Amylin obesity drugsForecast · ~2028
- Once-yearly HIV prevention shotForecast · ~2028
- Genome-guided prescribingForecast · ~2030
- One-shot cures for chronic diseaseForecast · ~2030
- Personal pills printed on demandForecast · ~2030
- AI-found antibiotic classesForecast · ~2032
- Switchable drugsForecast · ~2032
- Animal tests replaced in drug safetyForecast · ~2033
- Multiproduct cell-free therapeutic manufacturingForecast · ~2033
- Drugs designed per patientForecast · ~2034
- Broad-spectrum antiviralsForecast · ~2035
- Non-addictive strong painkillersForecast · ~2048
- Microbiome medicinesForecast · ~2052
- Nanorobot drug deliveryForecast · ~2055
- Mirror-image peptide drugsForecast · ~2060
- Universal vaccine patchesForecast · ~2063
- Overnight drug design to approvalForecast · ~2065
- Lifetime immunity shotForecast · ~2078
- Gut-microbe drug factoriesForecast · ~2079
- Precise mood tuningForecast · ~2088
- Pills mostly obsoleteForecast · ~2090
- Programmable cells as medicineForecast · ~2093
- Off-world pharmaciesForecast · ~2097
Longevity & Ageing 32
- Calorie restriction extends lifeRecorded · 1935
- Hayflick limitRecorded · 1961
- Telomerase discoveredRecorded · 1984
- Longevity genesRecorded · 1993
- Young blood rejuvenates old miceRecorded · 2005
- A drug extends mammal lifespanRecorded · 2009
- Epigenetic ageing clockRecorded · 2013
- Senolytic drugsRecorded · 2015
- Partial reprogramming in miceRecorded · 2016
- First human rejuvenation trialRecorded · 2026
- Biological age as a trial endpointForecast · ~2030
- Reprogramming rejuvenates a liverForecast · ~2030
- Therapies that slow ageingForecast · ~2033
- Delayed menopauseForecast · ~2034
- Senolytic medicines approvedForecast · ~2034
- Immune system rejuvenationForecast · ~2037
- Ageing reversed in animalsForecast · ~2042
- Organ-by-organ rejuvenationForecast · ~2043
- Widely used ageing pillForecast · ~2044
- One-shot longevity gene therapyForecast · ~2045
- Revived frozen organsForecast · ~2045
- Longevity escape velocityForecast · ~2051
- Whole-body rejuvenationForecast · ~2054
- Rejuvenation infusionsForecast · ~2057
- DNA repair upgradesForecast · ~2061
- Brain rejuvenationForecast · ~2067
- Healthy lifespans past 120Forecast · ~2074
- Societies built for very long livesForecast · ~2077
- Ageing optionalForecast · ~2079
- A healthy 150-year-oldForecast · ~2087
- First revival from cryopreservationForecast · ~2092
- Memory care for very long livesForecast · ~2096
Chemicals 32
- Leaded petrolRecorded · 1921
- Synthetic fuelRecorded · 1925
- Flexible PVCRecorded · 1926
- Synthetic rubberRecorded · 1929
- Teflon (PTFE)Recorded · 1938
- Ziegler-Natta catalystsRecorded · 1953
- Catalytic converterRecorded · 1975
- Directed enzyme evolutionRecorded · 1993
- Green chemistryRecorded · 1998
- Metal-organic frameworksRecorded · 1999
- Plant-based plasticsRecorded · 2002
- Chemicals grown in plantsRecorded · 2010
- Gas fermentationRecorded · 2018
- Fuels from captured CO2Recorded · 2021
- Fertiliser made on the farmRecorded · 2023
- PFAS-free materialsRecorded · 2023
- Electrified chemical plantsRecorded · 2024
- Green ammoniaRecorded · 2025
- Gigawatt green ammonia exportsForecast · ~2027
- Electric steam crackersForecast · ~2030
- AI-designed catalystsForecast · ~2040
- Microbes make bulk chemicalsForecast · ~2042
- Circular chemical industryForecast · ~2050
- Shape-shifting catalystsForecast · ~2066
- Programmed self-assemblyForecast · ~2070
- Atom-precise synthesisForecast · ~2072
- CO2 as main feedstockForecast · ~2076
- Designer enzymes for all reactionsForecast · ~2081
- A Venus cloud foundry makes structural carbonForecast · ~2082
- Chemicals made from airForecast · ~2085
- Orbital chemical plantsForecast · ~2087
- Martian chemical industryForecast · ~2093
Public Health & Epidemiology 43
- Mandatory milk pasteurisationRecorded · 1908
- Iodised saltRecorded · 1922
- Long-term cohort studiesRecorded · 1948
- Smoking linked to lung cancerRecorded · 1950
- Oral rehydration therapyRecorded · 1968
- Smallpox eradicatedRecorded · 1980
- Gene-engineered hepatitis B vaccineRecorded · 1986
- Insecticide-treated bed netsRecorded · 1995
- HPV vaccineRecorded · 2006
- Genomic pandemic surveillanceRecorded · 2020
- Wastewater surveillanceRecorded · 2020
- Malaria vaccineRecorded · 2021
- Global pathogen early warningRecorded · 2022
- WHO Pandemic AgreementRecorded · 2025
- mRNA flu vaccineRecorded · 2026
- AI epidemic intelligence agentsForecast · ~2028
- Population mental-health early warningForecast · ~2028
- Loneliness treated as a health riskForecast · ~2030
- Vaccines in 100 daysForecast · ~2030
- Polygenic risk-guided screeningForecast · ~2031
- Planetary health monitoringForecast · ~2032
- Sterilised indoor airForecast · ~2032
- Gene-drive mosquitoesForecast · ~2034
- Cervical cancer eliminatedForecast · ~2035
- Polio eradicatedForecast · ~2036
- Universal flu vaccineForecast · ~2036
- New HIV infections nearly stoppedForecast · ~2040
- Malaria eradicatedForecast · ~2045
- Obesity rare worldwideForecast · ~2045
- Pandemics preventedForecast · ~2050
- Autonomous public-health agenciesForecast · ~2052
- Drug resistance containedForecast · ~2054
- Population microbiome healthForecast · ~2058
- Global life expectancy over 90Forecast · ~2059
- Body sensors as outbreak sentinelsForecast · ~2065
- Addiction largely curableForecast · ~2068
- Tuberculosis eradicatedForecast · ~2072
- Influenza eradicated in humansForecast · ~2080
- Average healthy lifespan of 100Forecast · ~2084
- Settlement public healthForecast · ~2085
- Health gap between nations closedForecast · ~2089
- Cancer deaths near zeroForecast · ~2094
- Interplanetary biosecurityForecast · ~2098
Neuroscience & Mental Health 36
- ElectroencephalogramRecorded · 1924
- Lithium for bipolar disorderRecorded · 1949
- First antipsychoticRecorded · 1952
- Deep brain stimulationRecorded · 1987
- SSRI antidepressantsRecorded · 1987
- Functional MRIRecorded · 1991
- OptogeneticsRecorded · 2005
- Focused ultrasound brain therapyRecorded · 2016
- Sleep-deepening headbandsRecorded · 2018
- Traumatic memories softenedRecorded · 2018
- Closed-loop brain therapyRecorded · 2021
- Psychedelic-assisted therapyRecorded · 2023
- Whole fly-brain connectomeRecorded · 2024
- AI-assisted therapyRecorded · 2025
- Fully implanted speech BCIRecorded · 2026
- Psilocybin therapy approved in the USForecast · ~2027
- Fruit-fly brain emulatedForecast · ~2029
- Whole mouse-brain connectomeForecast · ~2032
- Presymptomatic Alzheimer’s progression delayedForecast · ~2035
- Ultrasound-opened brain drug deliveryForecast · ~2035
- Whole primate brain connectomeForecast · ~2045
- Depression treatable for almost allForecast · ~2046
- Dementia largely preventedForecast · ~2050
- Precision mental-health careForecast · ~2050
- Chronic pain switched offForecast · ~2056
- Human brain mappedForecast · ~2060
- Memory-restoring implantsForecast · ~2060
- Brain-age reversalForecast · ~2062
- Emotion-regulation implantsForecast · ~2070
- Learning-speed implantsForecast · ~2083
- Whole-brain emulationForecast · ~2085
- Shared group cognitionForecast · ~2088
- Tested theory of consciousnessForecast · ~2090
- Shared dreamsForecast · ~2093
- Gradual neuron replacementForecast · ~2095
- First mind-upload attemptForecast · ~2099
Reproduction & Fertility 33
- Frozen spermRecorded · 1953
- In vitro fertilisationRecorded · 1978
- Embryo genetic testingRecorded · 1990
- ICSIRecorded · 1992
- Prenatal DNA blood testRecorded · 2011
- Egg freezingRecorded · 2012
- Uterus-transplant birthRecorded · 2014
- Trait-based embryo scoringRecorded · 2019
- Mitochondrial donationRecorded · 2023
- Whole-genome embryo screeningRecorded · 2023
- Human eggs made from skin cellsRecorded · 2025
- Robotic IVF labsForecast · ~2028
- Artificial womb for preemiesForecast · ~2031
- Long-term contraception for everyoneForecast · ~2031
- Male contraceptive pillForecast · ~2032
- Embryo editing for diseaseForecast · ~2033
- Eggs and sperm from skin cellsForecast · ~2035
- Delayed reproductive ageingForecast · ~2054
- Whole-genome trait predictionForecast · ~2059
- Bioprinted wombsForecast · ~2063
- Fertility in later lifeForecast · ~2064
- Iterated embryo selectionForecast · ~2067
- First birth off EarthForecast · ~2070
- Infertility fully curableForecast · ~2072
- Children from two same-sex parentsForecast · ~2075
- Full artificial gestationForecast · ~2080
- Complications nearly eliminatedForecast · ~2083
- Gestation in space habitatsForecast · ~2085
- First child born on MarsForecast · ~2088
- Artificial gestation wardsForecast · ~2090
- Growing up in low gravityForecast · ~2091
- Families raised in orbitForecast · ~2094
- Global rules on human enhancementForecast · ~2096
Accessibility & Assistive Tech 24
- Folding wheelchairRecorded · 1932
- Reading machine for the blindRecorded · 1976
- TV closed captionsRecorded · 1980
- Screen readerRecorded · 1986
- Voice control on phonesRecorded · 2009
- Sight through sound and touchRecorded · 2015
- AI scene descriptionRecorded · 2017
- Caption glassesRecorded · 2022
- Deafness reversed by gene therapyRecorded · 2024
- Smart home run by thoughtRecorded · 2024
- Spinal stimulation restores movementForecast · ~2027
- AI sight guides for blind peopleForecast · ~2028
- Reading aids built into visionForecast · ~2028
- Self-driving wheelchairsForecast · ~2031
- Robotic mobility for allForecast · ~2040
- Cortical vision implantsForecast · ~2042
- Blindness largely curableForecast · ~2047
- Paralysis routinely reversedForecast · ~2055
- Accessible by defaultForecast · ~2060
- Cognitive assistanceForecast · ~2062
- Regenerated limbs and nervesForecast · ~2067
- Old age without disabilityForecast · ~2089
- Space travel for every bodyForecast · ~2092
- Interfaces that adapt to every mindForecast · ~2096
Nanotechnology 34
- Plenty of Room at the BottomRecorded · 1959
- Quantum dotsRecorded · 1981
- Scanning tunnelling microscopeRecorded · 1981
- Buckyballs (fullerenes)Recorded · 1985
- Atomic force microscopeRecorded · 1986
- Atoms moved one by oneRecorded · 1989
- First nanomedicineRecorded · 1995
- Molecular motorsRecorded · 1999
- DNA origamiRecorded · 2006
- Quantum-dot displaysRecorded · 2013
- Nanopore sequencingRecorded · 2014
- Lipid nanoparticle drugsRecorded · 2018
- DNA-origami machinesRecorded · 2022
- Organ-targeted nanoparticlesForecast · ~2030
- Medical nanorobotsForecast · ~2032
- Nanosensor tattoosForecast · ~2034
- Nanocoatings on everythingForecast · ~2040
- Nanomembranes that purify anythingForecast · ~2055
- Neural dustForecast · ~2058
- Desktop nanofactoriesForecast · ~2060
- Nano-assembled electronicsForecast · ~2065
- Rules for self-replicating machinesForecast · ~2070
- Self-repairing infrastructureForecast · ~2070
- Programmable matterForecast · ~2075
- Resident health nanobotsForecast · ~2076
- Cleanup nanoswarmsForecast · ~2080
- Diamond nanomachine partsForecast · ~2085
- Nanoassembly in orbitForecast · ~2085
- Constant cellular repairForecast · ~2087
- Utility fogForecast · ~2090
- Smart-matter objectsForecast · ~2092
- Habitats maintained by nanomachinesForecast · ~2094
- Matter compilersForecast · ~2095
- Atom-by-atom fabrication at scaleForecast · ~2098
Textiles & Apparel 31
- Viscose rayonRecorded · 1905
- Zip fastenerRecorded · 1913
- Nylon stockingsRecorded · 1939
- PolyesterRecorded · 1941
- SpandexRecorded · 1958
- Gore-TexRecorded · 1969
- Recycled-bottle fleeceRecorded · 1993
- Protective smart skinRecorded · 2006
- Engineered 3D knittingRecorded · 2012
- Waterless dyeingRecorded · 2012
- Clothing as displaysRecorded · 2015
- Conductive smart textilesRecorded · 2015
- Clothes that monitor and treatRecorded · 2022
- Fibre-to-fibre recyclingRecorded · 2022
- Radiative-cooling fabricsForecast · ~2028
- Clothes that generate powerForecast · ~2030
- Gigascale textile-to-textile plantsForecast · ~2030
- Lab-grown leather and silkForecast · ~2030
- Robot-made clothes on demandForecast · ~2031
- Muscle-assisting clothesForecast · ~2035
- Climate-adaptive clothingForecast · ~2050
- Self-cleaning clothesForecast · ~2052
- Clothes grown to fitForecast · ~2055
- Clothing-thin spacesuitsForecast · ~2060
- Carbon-negative clothingForecast · ~2062
- Shape-shifting fabricsForecast · ~2080
- Everyday Mars clothingForecast · ~2086
- Clothes that rebuild overnightForecast · ~2088
- Second-skin suits for any worldForecast · ~2090
- Nanomaterial clothingForecast · ~2092
- One garment, any outfitForecast · ~2097
Beauty & Personal Care 35
- Permanent waveRecorded · 1906
- Disposable sanitary padsRecorded · 1920
- Applicator tamponRecorded · 1936
- SunscreenRecorded · 1936
- Aerosol hairsprayRecorded · 1948
- Roll-on deodorantRecorded · 1952
- Fluoride toothpasteRecorded · 1955
- Disposable nappiesRecorded · 1961
- Twin-blade cartridge razorRecorded · 1971
- Sun protection factorRecorded · 1974
- Hair regrowth drugRecorded · 1988
- Laser hair removalRecorded · 1995
- Botox for wrinklesRecorded · 2002
- Hyaluronic acid fillersRecorded · 2003
- Fat freezingRecorded · 2010
- Cosmetics animal-testing banRecorded · 2013
- AI beauty advisorForecast · ~2028
- Brewed beauty ingredientsForecast · ~2030
- Year-long wrinkle injectionsForecast · ~2030
- Living skincare microbesForecast · ~2031
- Baldness reversedForecast · ~2032
- Robot hair salonsForecast · ~2032
- Grey hair reversedForecast · ~2035
- Lab-grown hair folliclesForecast · ~2038
- Refill-first beauty packagingForecast · ~2038
- Digital makeup in ARForecast · ~2042
- Safe tan without sunForecast · ~2043
- Permanent hair removal by geneForecast · ~2047
- Scars and stretch marks erasedForecast · ~2049
- Safe eye colour changeForecast · ~2052
- Targeted fat reshaping drugsForecast · ~2052
- Baldness optionalForecast · ~2055
- Faces that do not ageForecast · ~2065
- Gene edits for looksForecast · ~2071
- Scents played into the brainForecast · ~2090
Mining & Resources 29
- Froth flotationRecorded · 1905
- Open-pit miningRecorded · 1906
- Reflection seismologyRecorded · 1921
- Continuous mining machineRecorded · 1948
- Bacterial bioleachingRecorded · 1958
- Solvent extraction of copperRecorded · 1968
- Lithium brine productionRecorded · 1984
- Neodymium magnetsRecorded · 1984
- Mine waste reprocessedRecorded · 1999
- Driverless haul trucksRecorded · 2008
- Direct lithium extractionRecorded · 2024
- Engineered biominingForecast · ~2029
- Robotic deep-crust miningForecast · ~2032
- Closed-loop battery recyclingForecast · ~2033
- Metal-harvesting cropsForecast · ~2034
- Metals from seawaterForecast · ~2045
- People-free underground minesForecast · ~2051
- Lunar resource processingForecast · ~2060
- Urban miningForecast · ~2063
- Helium-3 extractionForecast · ~2066
- Asteroid metals on EarthForecast · ~2070
- Molecular ore sortersForecast · ~2072
- Mining on MarsForecast · ~2082
- Terrestrial mining largely endedForecast · ~2085
- Venus cloud miningForecast · ~2085
- Ceres water and metalsForecast · ~2088
- Mercury miningForecast · ~2092
- Magma brine metal extractionForecast · ~2094
- Gas-giant atmosphere miningForecast · ~2098
Forestry, Paper & Packaging 29
- CellophaneRecorded · 1908
- ChainsawRecorded · 1926
- Tetra Pak cartonRecorded · 1952
- Aluminium drinks canRecorded · 1959
- Plastic shopping bagRecorded · 1965
- PET plastic drinks bottleRecorded · 1973
- Certified forestryRecorded · 1993
- Airborne forest lidarRecorded · 2010
- Mycelium-grown materialsRecorded · 2010
- Satellite deforestation trackingRecorded · 2013
- Engineered carbon treesRecorded · 2023
- Wood as strong as steelForecast · ~2029
- Compostable packagingForecast · ~2030
- Drone reforestationForecast · ~2030
- Robotic selective forestryForecast · ~2033
- Wood biorefineriesForecast · ~2034
- Wood-fibre electronicsForecast · ~2045
- Every tree monitoredForecast · ~2046
- Trillion-tree restorationForecast · ~2050
- Wooden citiesForecast · ~2060
- Wood-based plasticsForecast · ~2063
- Designed forest ecosystemsForecast · ~2065
- Forests wired by fungiForecast · ~2070
- Plastic packaging goneForecast · ~2070
- Fire-resilient forestsForecast · ~2075
- Forests as carbon vaultsForecast · ~2081
- Timber grown in orbitForecast · ~2090
- First forests on MarsForecast · ~2095
- Old-growth forests restoredForecast · ~2097
Construction & Cities 38
- Concrete skyscraperRecorded · 1903
- Steel-frame supertallRecorded · 1931
- Long-span suspension bridgeRecorded · 1937
- Mass-built suburbsRecorded · 1947
- Tower craneRecorded · 1949
- Glass curtain wallRecorded · 1952
- Tunnel boring machineRecorded · 1952
- Building information modellingRecorded · 1987
- Channel TunnelRecorded · 1994
- Mass-timber high-riseRecorded · 2009
- Burj KhalifaRecorded · 2010
- Robots maintain infrastructureRecorded · 2010
- Weather-adaptive buildingsRecorded · 2012
- 3D-printed homesRecorded · 2021
- Carbon-negative concreteRecorded · 2023
- Robotic construction sitesRecorded · 2024
- Electrochemical zero-carbon cementForecast · ~2029
- Neighbourhoods printed in weeksForecast · ~2031
- Grown building materialsForecast · ~2035
- Tall timber towersForecast · ~2040
- Regolith landing pad on the MoonForecast · ~2045
- Buildings that store carbonForecast · ~2055
- Building with lunar soilForecast · ~2060
- Living buildingsForecast · ~2065
- Cities that run themselvesForecast · ~2068
- Mile-high towersForecast · ~2070
- Robot swarms that build aloneForecast · ~2072
- Sky bridges between megatowersForecast · ~2075
- Buildings that reshape for useForecast · ~2078
- ArcologiesForecast · ~2080
- Floating-city constructionForecast · ~2083
- Undersea districtsForecast · ~2085
- Martian domed citiesForecast · ~2088
- Lunar citiesForecast · ~2089
- Desert megacitiesForecast · ~2093
- Orbital megastructuresForecast · ~2094
- Space elevatorForecast · ~2095
- Kilometre-scale space habitatsForecast · ~2097
Agriculture & Food 36
- Haber-Bosch fertiliserRecorded · 1913
- Mass-produced tractorRecorded · 1917
- HydroponicsRecorded · 1929
- Hybrid cornRecorded · 1933
- Self-propelled combine harvesterRecorded · 1937
- Synthetic pesticidesRecorded · 1939
- Center-pivot irrigationRecorded · 1952
- Drip irrigationRecorded · 1965
- Green Revolution cropsRecorded · 1966
- Glyphosate weedkillerRecorded · 1974
- GM cropsRecorded · 1996
- GPS precision farmingRecorded · 2000
- LED vertical farmingRecorded · 2015
- Desert farmingRecorded · 2016
- Fully robotic farmsRecorded · 2017
- Perennial grain cropsRecorded · 2018
- Drought- and salt-proof cropsRecorded · 2020
- Autonomous farm robotsRecorded · 2022
- Drone-swarm farmingRecorded · 2023
- Food from air and electricityRecorded · 2024
- AI-designed crop varietiesForecast · ~2028
- Engineered soil microbiomesForecast · ~2029
- Self-fertilising cerealsForecast · ~2038
- C4 photosynthesis riceForecast · ~2045
- City-scale vertical farmsForecast · ~2045
- Insect protein at scaleForecast · ~2053
- Engineered pollinationForecast · ~2058
- Famine endsForecast · ~2060
- Ocean-farmed staple foodsForecast · ~2062
- Seawater-irrigated cropsForecast · ~2063
- Half of farmland returned to natureForecast · ~2070
- Staple crops designed from scratchForecast · ~2072
- Large farms off EarthForecast · ~2078
- Farming without ploughingForecast · ~2079
- Food from asteroid carbonForecast · ~2088
- Mars crops under domesForecast · ~2090
Food Science & Cooking 56
- MSG flavour enhancerRecorded · 1909
- Hydrogenated vegetable shorteningRecorded · 1911
- Quick-frozen foodRecorded · 1924
- Pre-sliced breadRecorded · 1928
- Vitamin-enriched flourRecorded · 1941
- Assembly-line fast foodRecorded · 1948
- TV dinnerRecorded · 1953
- Food irradiationRecorded · 1958
- Instant noodlesRecorded · 1958
- High-fructose corn syrupRecorded · 1967
- Retort pouch mealsRecorded · 1968
- HACCP food safety systemRecorded · 1971
- Sous-vide cookingRecorded · 1974
- Combi steamer ovenRecorded · 1976
- Aspartame sweetenerRecorded · 1981
- Mycoprotein meat substituteRecorded · 1985
- Molecular gastronomyRecorded · 1988
- Gene-engineered cheese enzymeRecorded · 1990
- High-pressure processingRecorded · 1990
- Nutrition Facts labelRecorded · 1994
- DNA fingerprinting of outbreaksRecorded · 1996
- Trans fat banRecorded · 2003
- App-based restaurant deliveryRecorded · 2013
- First lab-grown burgerRecorded · 2013
- Plant-based meatRecorded · 2016
- Burger-flipping robotRecorded · 2018
- Animal-free dairy proteinRecorded · 2019
- Cultivated meat approvedRecorded · 2020
- Cultivated salmon on US menusRecorded · 2025
- AI food scientistForecast · ~2029
- AI nutrition coach for allForecast · ~2029
- Cultivated meat in big supermarketsForecast · ~2029
- Precision-fermentation proteinForecast · ~2030
- Robot kitchens in big chainsForecast · ~2030
- Verified ingredient cartridges for digital kitchensForecast · ~2030
- Cell-grown cocoa and coffeeForecast · ~2031
- Fats made from CO2Forecast · ~2032
- Sweet proteins replace sugarForecast · ~2033
- Food outbreaks traced in hoursForecast · ~2035
- Cultivated meat at price parityForecast · ~2040
- Grown steak with marblingForecast · ~2042
- Food waste halvedForecast · ~2045
- Foods tuned to your gut microbesForecast · ~2046
- Most dairy made without cowsForecast · ~2048
- Robots cook most restaurant mealsForecast · ~2050
- Food poisoning nearly endedForecast · ~2054
- Food designed to slow ageingForecast · ~2055
- Starch and sugar from CO2Forecast · ~2062
- Brand-new tastes and texturesForecast · ~2065
- Hidden hunger endedForecast · ~2068
- Meals tuned to live body sensorsForecast · ~2070
- Cultured meat dominantForecast · ~2074
- Mars food industryForecast · ~2080
- Most calories made without farmsForecast · ~2082
- Food built molecule by moleculeForecast · ~2086
- Meats from no real animalForecast · ~2090
Veterinary & Animal Tech 50
- Mass rabies vaccination of dogsRecorded · 1921
- Artificial insemination of cattleRecorded · 1936
- Frozen semenRecorded · 1949
- Antibiotics in animal feedRecorded · 1950
- Livestock embryo transferRecorded · 1951
- Sterile insect techniqueRecorded · 1954
- Extruded dry pet foodRecorded · 1957
- Cell-culture rinderpest vaccineRecorded · 1962
- Oral rabies bait for wildlifeRecorded · 1978
- Canine parvovirus vaccineRecorded · 1979
- Ivermectin dewormerRecorded · 1981
- Pet microchip IDRecorded · 1990
- Milking robotRecorded · 1992
- Recombinant growth hormone for cowsRecorded · 1993
- First cloned dogRecorded · 2005
- Genomic selection of livestockRecorded · 2009
- Rinderpest eradicatedRecorded · 2011
- First gene-modified food animalRecorded · 2015
- Antibody pain relief for petsRecorded · 2021
- Methane-cutting cattle feedRecorded · 2022
- Decoding animal communicationRecorded · 2024
- Bird flu vaccine for US poultryRecorded · 2025
- Gene-edited disease-proof pigsRecorded · 2025
- Vowels found in whale speechRecorded · 2025
- Bird flu vaccine for dairy cowsForecast · ~2027
- Lifespan drug for dogsForecast · ~2027
- AI vet in your pocketForecast · ~2028
- African swine fever vaccineForecast · ~2030
- AI talks back to whalesForecast · ~2032
- Gene-edited livestock commonForecast · ~2032
- Methane vaccine for cattleForecast · ~2032
- One-shot pet sterilisationForecast · ~2034
- Goat and sheep plague eradicatedForecast · ~2035
- Wildlife vaccinated by droneForecast · ~2037
- Fully automated livestock farmsForecast · ~2040
- Dogs living 25 yearsForecast · ~2043
- Robot vet surgeonsForecast · ~2045
- Animal-to-human spillover watchForecast · ~2048
- Livestock immune to major plaguesForecast · ~2050
- Lab-grown organs for petsForecast · ~2052
- Every endangered animal monitoredForecast · ~2055
- Animal feelings measuredForecast · ~2058
- Two-way animal conversationForecast · ~2060
- Pets that talk backForecast · ~2063
- Whale and dolphin dictionariesForecast · ~2068
- Legal rights for talking animalsForecast · ~2072
- Cephalopod colour language decodedForecast · ~2075
- Human-dolphin pidginForecast · ~2082
- Animals raised on MarsForecast · ~2085
- Wild animal suffering reducedForecast · ~2096
Water & Sanitation 29
- Chlorinated drinking waterRecorded · 1908
- Activated-sludge treatmentRecorded · 1914
- Multipurpose mega-damRecorded · 1936
- Water fluoridationRecorded · 1945
- Reverse-osmosis membraneRecorded · 1960
- Large-scale desalinationRecorded · 1977
- Potable water recyclingRecorded · 2008
- AI-managed water networksRecorded · 2013
- Water from airRecorded · 2017
- Off-grid toiletRecorded · 2018
- Desert towns watered from airForecast · ~2031
- Forever chemicals removed from waterForecast · ~2032
- Low-energy desalinationForecast · ~2032
- Closed-loop city waterForecast · ~2042
- Engineered glacier reservesForecast · ~2045
- Leak-free water networksForecast · ~2046
- Fresh water costs penniesForecast · ~2055
- Cities supplied from the airForecast · ~2058
- Rivers restoredForecast · ~2062
- Minerals from desalination brineForecast · ~2063
- Depleted aquifers refilledForecast · ~2065
- Iceberg water supplyForecast · ~2072
- Off-world water miningForecast · ~2080
- Water bankingForecast · ~2084
- Continental water gridsForecast · ~2085
- Mars water networkForecast · ~2088
- Atmospheric rivers tappedForecast · ~2093
- Comet water harvestingForecast · ~2095
- First lakes on MarsForecast · ~2099
Waste & Recycling 31
- Sanitary landfillRecorded · 1937
- Compacting garbage truckRecorded · 1938
- Recycling symbolRecorded · 1970
- Reverse vending machineRecorded · 1972
- Waste-to-energy plantsRecorded · 1975
- Curbside recyclingRecorded · 1981
- Plasma waste convertersRecorded · 2002
- AI recycling robotsRecorded · 2011
- Plastic-eating bacteriaRecorded · 2016
- Sewage as a resourceRecorded · 2018
- PFAS destruction plantsRecorded · 2023
- Chemical plastic recyclingRecorded · 2024
- Digital product passportsRecorded · 2024
- Enzymatic plastic recycling plantsForecast · ~2028
- Fully robotic recycling plantsForecast · ~2028
- Plastics that vanish on cueForecast · ~2030
- Microplastic filters on every washerForecast · ~2032
- Zero-landfill citiesForecast · ~2035
- Ocean garbage patches cleanedForecast · ~2040
- Products built for robot disassemblyForecast · ~2048
- Plastic-eating microbes at seaForecast · ~2058
- Landfill plastic digestedForecast · ~2060
- Nuclear waste transmutedForecast · ~2063
- Orbital scrap recyclingForecast · ~2066
- Molecule-sorting recyclersForecast · ~2070
- Zero-waste lunar foundryForecast · ~2072
- Landfills mined for metalsForecast · ~2079
- Zero-waste Mars citiesForecast · ~2082
- Products that take themselves apartForecast · ~2086
- Waste disappears as a conceptForecast · ~2090
- Total molecular recyclingForecast · ~2097
Home & Consumer 32
- Non-stick panRecorded · 1954
- VelcroRecorded · 1955
- Self-sufficient homesRecorded · 1990
- Reconfigurable homesRecorded · 2018
- Homes for ageing in placeRecorded · 2022
- Matter smart-home standardRecorded · 2022
- Robots fold the laundryForecast · ~2027
- AI-designed custom homesForecast · ~2028
- Self-running smart homeForecast · ~2028
- Building permits in minutesForecast · ~2029
- Homes that trade power with neighboursForecast · ~2031
- Robot carers for ageing at homeForecast · ~2032
- One-week robot home retrofitForecast · ~2034
- Energy-positive homesForecast · ~2040
- Furniture grown to orderForecast · ~2040
- Robots do most houseworkForecast · ~2045
- Robot chefsForecast · ~2049
- Holographic roomsForecast · ~2058
- Homes with no utility connectionsForecast · ~2060
- Houses that repair themselvesForecast · ~2062
- Homes that provide medical careForecast · ~2070
- Home workshop robotsForecast · ~2073
- Grown living housesForecast · ~2075
- Homes that move themselvesForecast · ~2082
- Family homes on the MoonForecast · ~2087
- Family homes under the seaForecast · ~2088
- Homes in orbitForecast · ~2090
- Homes made of smart matterForecast · ~2093
- Thousand-year homesForecast · ~2095
- Rooms made of utility fogForecast · ~2096
- Mars family homesForecast · ~2097
- Homes for a generation shipForecast · ~2099
Sports & Fitness 31
- Photo-finish timingRecorded · 1932
- Instant replayRecorded · 1963
- Artificial turfRecorded · 1966
- Hawk-Eye line callingRecorded · 2006
- Esports streamingRecorded · 2011
- Connected home fitnessRecorded · 2014
- Mixed-reality spectatingRecorded · 2015
- Bionic gamesRecorded · 2016
- Thought-controlled sportsRecorded · 2016
- Video assistant refereeRecorded · 2016
- Carbon-plate super shoesRecorded · 2017
- AI coaching from videoRecorded · 2018
- Professional robot leaguesRecorded · 2025
- Robot OlympicsRecorded · 2025
- Openly enhanced athletesRecorded · 2026
- Robot beats a human world recordRecorded · 2026
- Robot umpiresRecorded · 2026
- Zero-gravity sportForecast · ~2031
- Gene-edited athletes competeForecast · ~2032
- Robots beat World Cup championsForecast · ~2045
- AI officials in every sportForecast · ~2052
- VR sports leaguesForecast · ~2053
- Full-body virtual sportsForecast · ~2060
- Mixed human and robot teamsForecast · ~2060
- Injury-free sportForecast · ~2062
- Brain-boosted athletesForecast · ~2079
- Low-gravity sportsForecast · ~2080
- Ageless athletesForecast · ~2088
- Interplanetary gamesForecast · ~2090
- Shared-mind team sportsForecast · ~2093
- Solar-system sail raceForecast · ~2097
Education & Learning 49
- Machine-scored testsRecorded · 1937
- Ballpoint penRecorded · 1938
- PLATO computer learningRecorded · 1960
- Logo for childrenRecorded · 1967
- Speak & SpellRecorded · 1978
- Multimedia encyclopediaRecorded · 1993
- Open coursewareRecorded · 2002
- Khan AcademyRecorded · 2008
- Massive open online coursesRecorded · 2012
- Immersive classroomsRecorded · 2015
- Learning in simulated worldsRecorded · 2016
- Remote school at global scaleRecorded · 2020
- AI tutorsRecorded · 2023
- AI-run schoolsRecorded · 2024
- AI digital textbooksRecorded · 2025
- AI lessons for every pupil from age sixRecorded · 2025
- AI tools for a whole nation's pupilsRecorded · 2025
- Exams by conversation with an AI examinerForecast · ~2028
- Field trips to any place or eraForecast · ~2028
- Lifelong learning companionsForecast · ~2028
- AI screening for learning differencesForecast · ~2029
- One global classroomForecast · ~2029
- Lifelong learner walletForecast · ~2030
- Solar AI school in a boxForecast · ~2031
- Robot teaching assistantsForecast · ~2032
- AI professorsForecast · ~2033
- Pupils run real experiments in robot labsForecast · ~2039
- Accredited AI-run universitiesForecast · ~2040
- Personalized tutoring reaches a majority of studentsForecast · ~2040
- Lessons that sense confusionForecast · ~2041
- AR apprenticeships for any tradeForecast · ~2042
- Verified skills replace degreesForecast · ~2045
- Elite education for everyoneForecast · ~2055
- Full-dive classroomsForecast · ~2055
- Sleep-boosted learningForecast · ~2057
- Life-rehearsal simulationsForecast · ~2062
- School trips to orbitForecast · ~2072
- Tutor inside your headForecast · ~2073
- First school on the MoonForecast · ~2076
- Learning across 100-year careersForecast · ~2077
- Neural learning aidsForecast · ~2085
- Schools beyond EarthForecast · ~2085
- Downloadable skillsForecast · ~2088
- Universities on MarsForecast · ~2090
- Learning by shared experienceForecast · ~2093
- Courses in AI-discovered scienceForecast · ~2095
- Education for meaningForecast · ~2096
- Schools for new sensesForecast · ~2098
- Collective classroom mindForecast · ~2099
Printing & Publishing 54
- Offset lithography pressRecorded · 1904
- Teletypesetter news by wireRecorded · 1928
- Sixpenny paperbackRecorded · 1935
- Wirephoto news picturesRecorded · 1935
- XerographyRecorded · 1938
- PhototypesettingRecorded · 1953
- Office photocopierRecorded · 1959
- Digital typesetterRecorded · 1965
- Dot-matrix printerRecorded · 1968
- ISBN book numbersRecorded · 1970
- Project Gutenberg e-textsRecorded · 1971
- Laser printerRecorded · 1976
- TeX typesettingRecorded · 1978
- Newspaper onlineRecorded · 1980
- PostScript and digital fontsRecorded · 1984
- Desktop publishingRecorded · 1985
- Digital colour pressRecorded · 1993
- Computer-to-plateRecorded · 1995
- Print-on-demand booksRecorded · 1997
- E-ink paper-like screenRecorded · 2004
- Mass book scanningRecorded · 2004
- Kindle store and KDPRecorded · 2007
- Inkjet book pressRecorded · 2010
- Paid newslettersRecorded · 2017
- AI-written books on saleRecorded · 2023
- AI-translated novelsRecorded · 2024
- E-books that answer questionsRecorded · 2025
- Human Authored book labelRecorded · 2025
- Books licensed for AI trainingForecast · ~2027
- Novels written for one readerForecast · ~2027
- AI-written local newspapersForecast · ~2028
- Most book translations by AIForecast · ~2028
- AI-written bestsellerForecast · ~2029
- E-paper as vivid as printForecast · ~2030
- Publishers run by AI agentsForecast · ~2030
- Every book in every languageForecast · ~2032
- Publishing with no pulped returnsForecast · ~2033
- Daily print papers endForecast · ~2038
- E-paper as cheap as paperForecast · ~2041
- Every book ever printed onlineForecast · ~2042
- Rewritable office paperForecast · ~2044
- AI novel wins a top prizeForecast · ~2045
- One book that holds every bookForecast · ~2046
- Books written by thoughtForecast · ~2048
- First book printed on the MoonForecast · ~2058
- Books built to last 10,000 yearsForecast · ~2064
- Books felt as inner experienceForecast · ~2066
- Every book stored in DNAForecast · ~2068
- Literature of AI civilisationsForecast · ~2068
- Publishing from imaginationForecast · ~2072
- First Martian publishing houseForecast · ~2078
- Books made atom by atom at homeForecast · ~2080
- Memoirs from recorded memoryForecast · ~2090
- Solar-system library networkForecast · ~2098
Media & Entertainment 32
- Broadcast radioRecorded · 1920
- Electronic televisionRecorded · 1927
- Sound filmRecorded · 1927
- Magnetic tape recordingRecorded · 1935
- Long-playing recordRecorded · 1948
- Colour televisionRecorded · 1954
- Compact cassetteRecorded · 1963
- Digital cameraRecorded · 1975
- Compact discRecorded · 1982
- Computer-animated feature filmRecorded · 1995
- Recommendation enginesRecorded · 1998
- Video streamingRecorded · 2007
- Holographic displaysRecorded · 2018
- Holographic callsRecorded · 2021
- AI video generationRecorded · 2024
- Feature films made by one personRecorded · 2024
- News with verifiable sourcesRecorded · 2024
- Personalised AI films & gamesRecorded · 2025
- Synthetic celebritiesRecorded · 2025
- Automatic dubbing of all videoForecast · ~2028
- AI celebritiesForecast · ~2029
- Holographic live eventsForecast · ~2029
- Smell and taste in mediaForecast · ~2030
- Playable filmsForecast · ~2031
- Films tuned to your brainForecast · ~2066
- Shared sensory experiencesForecast · ~2078
- Recorded dreamsForecast · ~2085
- Memories as mediaForecast · ~2088
- Dream entertainmentForecast · ~2090
- Lived historyForecast · ~2090
- Solar-system live eventsForecast · ~2097
- Broadcasts from another starForecast · ~2098
Art, Design & Creative Tools 51
- Aerosol spray paintRecorded · 1949
- Electronic abstract imagesRecorded · 1950
- Computer art exhibitionsRecorded · 1965
- AARON drawing programRecorded · 1972
- Digital paint programRecorded · 1973
- Ray-traced computer graphicsRecorded · 1980
- CAD on personal computersRecorded · 1982
- Vector drawing softwareRecorded · 1987
- Parametric 3D CADRecorded · 1988
- Pressure-sensitive pen tabletRecorded · 1988
- Photo editing softwareRecorded · 1990
- Creative coding toolsRecorded · 2001
- Crowdfunding for creative projectsRecorded · 2009
- Design tools for non-designersRecorded · 2013
- Neural style transferRecorded · 2015
- Collaborative design in the browserRecorded · 2016
- Painting in virtual realityRecorded · 2016
- NFT digital artRecorded · 2017
- AI artwork sold at auctionRecorded · 2018
- Generative design softwareRecorded · 2018
- Immersive digital art museumsRecorded · 2018
- AI tools inside design softwareRecorded · 2023
- Anti-AI cloaking for artistsRecorded · 2023
- Museum of AI artRecorded · 2026
- AI design agents in every toolForecast · ~2027
- Artists paid when AI learns from themForecast · ~2027
- CAD models from a sentenceForecast · ~2028
- Licensed AI style modelsForecast · ~2029
- Products designed end to end by AIForecast · ~2030
- Human-made as a premium labelForecast · ~2032
- Designing objects that change shapeForecast · ~2035
- Sculpting virtual clay you can feelForecast · ~2036
- Sketching by thoughtForecast · ~2038
- Floating holographic sculpturesForecast · ~2042
- Living artworksForecast · ~2045
- Every artwork recorded in full detailForecast · ~2047
- AI discovers new kinds of beautyForecast · ~2048
- Designing objects atom by atomForecast · ~2052
- Full-sensory artworksForecast · ~2052
- Co-creating art mind to mindForecast · ~2056
- Art studios on the MoonForecast · ~2058
- AI artists and movementsForecast · ~2062
- Art from AI civilisationsForecast · ~2066
- Million-person co-designed citiesForecast · ~2066
- Art straight from imaginationForecast · ~2070
- A craft renaissanceForecast · ~2072
- Sculptures that reshape themselvesForecast · ~2078
- Seeing and painting new coloursForecast · ~2080
- Perfect copies of any artworkForecast · ~2082
- Planet-scale land artForecast · ~2090
- Art sent to the starsForecast · ~2098
Music & Audio 32
- ThereminRecorded · 1920
- Electrical recordingRecorded · 1925
- Electric guitarRecorded · 1931
- Hammond organRecorded · 1935
- Multitrack recordingRecorded · 1955
- Stereo recordsRecorded · 1958
- Moog synthesizerRecorded · 1964
- MIDIRecorded · 1983
- Digital audio workstationRecorded · 1991
- Auto-TuneRecorded · 1997
- Peer-to-peer music sharingRecorded · 1999
- Music streamingRecorded · 2008
- Instruments played by thoughtRecorded · 2017
- Endless personal soundtracksRecorded · 2018
- AI orchestrasRecorded · 2019
- AI music goes mainstreamRecorded · 2025
- Licensed AI remix platformsForecast · ~2027
- Mood-adaptive musicForecast · ~2027
- AI song tops the chartsForecast · ~2028
- Personal sound bubblesForecast · ~2032
- Personal voice avatarsForecast · ~2035
- Rooms that shape soundForecast · ~2035
- Hearing loss eliminatedForecast · ~2060
- Quiet citiesForecast · ~2072
- Music from thoughtForecast · ~2080
- Shared-sensation concertsForecast · ~2080
- Synaesthesia on demandForecast · ~2082
- Neural sound augmentationForecast · ~2085
- Music with animalsForecast · ~2086
- Music made for Martian airForecast · ~2088
- Hearing beyond human rangeForecast · ~2091
- Music from dreamsForecast · ~2096