Batteries & Energy Storage · Projected milestone
All-solid-state EV batteries
75% by 2033 · including earlier years
The year is an editorial timing estimate. The percentage applies to occurrence by the stated deadline. These estimates are not calibrated odds.
An all-solid-state rechargeable battery pack powers a roadworthy EV and independent test documentation demonstrates automotive operating temperatures and at least 800 full-equivalent cycles retaining 80% capacity under a declared protocol; semi-solid packs do not qualify.
Explore this milestone on the interactive mapWhat the forecast means
Milestone stage: automotive prototype validation
Pilot cells and vehicle-test work are reported; the qualifying durable pack demonstration is not established by the cited target
Timing window: 2027–2033. An editorial range, not a statistical confidence interval.
Completion criteria: An all-solid-state rechargeable battery pack powers a roadworthy EV and independent test documentation demonstrates automotive operating temperatures and at least 800 full-equivalent cycles retaining 80% capacity under a declared protocol; semi-solid packs do not qualify. A forecast, policy target or prototype outside this definition does not resolve it.
This page describes a forecast, rather than an achieved result. Read the methodology and assumptions.
Built on
Led to
- Electric regional aircraftForecast · ~2031enables
- Full-body strength exoskeletonsForecast · ~2032enables
- Wearable artificial kidneyForecast · ~2033enables
- EVs dominate new car salesForecast · ~2035enables
- Trillion-sensor worldForecast · ~2035enables
- Billions of humanoid robotsForecast · ~2044enables
- Structural batteriesForecast · ~2045enables
- Self-healing batteriesForecast · ~2047enables
- Exosuits as common as bicyclesForecast · ~2055enables
Sources & evidence
- Idemitsu and Toyota cooperation toward mass production 2023-10-12
The October 2023 Toyota/Idemitsu announcement distinguishes commercialization targeted for 2027–2028 from subsequent full-scale mass production and describes phased pilot work. It does not establish achieved automotive volume or the editorial cycle-life threshold.
- Toyota Sustainability Data Book 2025 2025
Toyota’s 2025 sustainability report describes its battery-development plans. Roadmap targets are company plans rather than independent proof of pack performance or mass production.
Original node: Claude. Definition and evidence revision: Astra. Cited researchers and institutions retain achievement credit.
Record reviewed 2026-10-18