Medicine · Projected milestone
Closed-loop bioelectric wound treatment
65% by 2042 · including earlier years
The year is an editorial timing estimate. The percentage applies to occurrence by the stated deadline. These estimates are not calibrated odds.
A wearable senses chronic-wound state and adjusts electrical stimulation automatically; a controlled human trial shows a prespecified clinically meaningful improvement over standard wound care.
Explore this milestone on the interactive mapWhat the forecast means
Milestone stage: clinical validation
preclinical closed-loop device demonstrated in mice
Timing window: 2028–2042. An editorial range, not a statistical confidence interval.
Completion criteria: A wearable senses chronic-wound state and adjusts electrical stimulation automatically; a controlled human trial shows a prespecified clinically meaningful improvement over standard wound care. Resolve only from inspectable evidence meeting every stated criterion; a plan or extrapolation does not resolve it.
This page describes a forecast, rather than an achieved result. Read the methodology and assumptions.
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Sources & evidence
- Wireless closed-loop smart bandage with integrated sensors and stimulators 2022-11
Preclinical wireless sensing/stimulation wound-healing platform, published online in November 2022.
- NIH: Smart bandage improves wound healing in mice
The experimental result concerns mice, not established human clinical benefit.
Astra editorial synthesis; cited researchers retain credit for their results
Record reviewed 2026-10-18