Space Habitats & Life Support · Projected milestone
Oxygen and water from lunar soil
Estimated year~2034
20% by 2039 · including earlier years
The year is an editorial timing estimate. The percentage applies to occurrence by the stated deadline. These estimates are not calibrated odds.
Plants on the Moon extract oxygen and ice to supply crews.
Explore this milestone on the interactive mapWhat the forecast means
Milestone stage: milestone (legacy definition)
Completion criteria: Legacy milestone: refine the observable threshold before resolving.
This page describes a forecast, rather than an achieved result. Read the methodology and assumptions.
Built on
Led to
- Mars rehearsal on the MoonForecast · ~2037enables
- Mars surface habitatsForecast · ~2044enables
- Printed regolith habitatsForecast · ~2048enables
- A lunar radio array grows from local materialsForecast · ~2060enables
- Lunar heavy industryForecast · ~2084enables
- Lunar life-support spare-part independenceForecast · ~2086enables
Sources & evidence
No individual source links are recorded for this milestone. Source coverage and review status vary across the atlas.
Dataset updated 2026-10-18. This individual record has not been separately re-reviewed.